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To study the effect of relocation from 2840m (Quito) to sea level (Pedernales) in patients with pulmonary vascular diseases (PVD) defined as pulmonary arterial hypertension or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (PH) who permanently live >2500m on pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and other hemodynamics.
This research in patients with PVD diagnosed with precapillary PH with right heart catheterization and classified to groups 1 and 4 (PAH or CTEPH) who permanently live at HA >2500 (PVD_HA) will have PAP and other hemodynamics assessed by echocardiography and blood gases near their living altitude in Quito at 2840m and at sea level in Pedernales the day after the first and the second night after relocation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Investigations at High altitude (HA, 2840m) | Active Comparator | PAP and other hemodynamics assessed by echocardiography and blood gases near their living altitude in Quito at 2840m |
|
| Investigations at Low altitude (LA, sea level) | Experimental | PAP and other hemodynamics assessed by echocardiography and blood gases after the first and second night at LA (sea level) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relocation from HA to LA | Behavioral | Patients will be relocated by bus from Quito (2840m) to Pedernales (sea level) and have investigations at both altitudes |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary artery Pressure (PAP) in the morning of second day at sea level (LA) | Change in PAP in mmHg assessed by echocardiography between LA (sea level) vs High altitude (HA) | in the morning of the second day at sea level |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiac output in the morning of the second day at sea level | Change in cardiac output in l/min assessed by echocardiography between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840 m) | in the morning of the second day at sea level |
| Cardiac output in the morning of the third day at sea level |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory Clinic, University Hospital of Zurich | Zurich | 8091 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41921908 | Derived | Ulrich S, Muller J, Furian M, Saxer S, Schneider SR, Herzig J, Bauer M, Schmucki M, Saragoni D, Mayer L, Schwarz EI, Cajamarca E, Hoyos R, Lichtblau M. Effects of a Sea-Level Stay on Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Living in Quito Near 2,850 m. Chest. 2026 Mar 30:S0012-3692(26)00423-X. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2026.02.043. Online ahead of print. |
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Upon request to the PI and after publication of results, data will be shared upon reasonable research questions and ethical approval
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Patients will be investigated at high altitude (HA, 2840m) and low altitude (LA, sea level)
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Change in cardiac output in l/min assessed by echocardiography between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) |
| in the morning of the third day at sea level |
| Tricuspid pressure gradient by echocardiography in the morning of the second day at sea level | Tricuspid pressure gradient assessed by echocardiography between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the second day at sea level |
| Tricuspid pressure gradient by echocardiography in the morning of the third day at sea level | Tricuspid pressure gradient assessed by echocardiography assessed by between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the third day at sea level |
| Tricupsid annular plane systolic excursion by echocardiography in the morning of the second day at sea level | Tricupsid annular plane systolic excursion assessed by echocardiography assessed by between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the third day at sea level |
| Tricupsid annular plane systolic excursion by echocardiography in the morning of the third day at sea level | Tricupsid annular plane systolic excursion by echocardiography assessed by between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the third day at sea level |
| ph by arterial blood gases in the morning of the second day at sea level | Change in ph by arterial blood gases assessed between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the second day at sea level |
| partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) by arterial blood gases in the morning of the second day at sea level | Change in partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) assessed by arterial blood gases between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the second day at sea level |
| partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) by arterial blood gases in the morning of the second day at sea level | Change in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) assessed by arterial blood gases partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) between LA (sea level) vs HA (2840m) | in the morning of the second day at sea level |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000081029 | Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension |
| D006976 | Hypertension, Pulmonary |
| D000532 | Altitude Sickness |
| D000860 | Hypoxia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012818 | Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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