A total of 123 participants (291 implants) applying to Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University will be included in the study. Based on anamnesis, radiographic examination, and the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases, the participants will be categorized into three groups: peri-implant health (n = 97 implants), peri-implant mucositis (n = 97 implants), and peri-implantitis (n = 97 implants). Information regarding participants' coffee consumption habits and their daily coffee intake will be collected. Clinical parameters to be measured will include plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level.
The frequency of coffee consumption will be evaluated as daily, 1-2 times per week, 3-4 times per week, once per month, twice per month, and once per year. The amount of coffee consumed at a single occasion (cup, glass, mug, etc.) will also be recorded. In caffeinated coffee consumption, the preference for weak, moderate, or strong coffee, as well as consumption with milk, condensed milk, sugar, honey, or sweeteners will be assessed. For Turkish coffee, the consumption pattern will be categorized as unsweetened, moderately sweetened, or sweetened.
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Peri-implantitis patients are those who have developed inflammation around a dental implant, leading to the loss of supporting bone and the presence of pockets of infection.
Peri-implant mucositis refers to a reversible inflammatory condition affecting the soft tissues surrounding a dental implant, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding on probing, without any bone loss.
Peri-implant health refers to the condition where the tissues surrounding a dental implant are free from inflammation, with no signs of redness, swelling, bleeding on probing, or bone loss, indicating a stable and healthy implant environment.
Bolu, Bolu 14030, Turkey (Türkiye)
The Effect of Systemic Factors on Peri-implant Health Status and Clinical Indices