It refers to a chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth, characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, with pocket formation and/or gingival recession.

It refers to a reversible inflammation of the gingival tissues without loss of periodontal attachment. The condition is primarily induced by dental plaque accumulation and is characterized clinically by signs such as gingival redness, swelling, and bleeding on probing.

Periodontal health refers to the absence of clinical signs of inflammation in the periodontium, with stable supporting tissues and no evidence of attachment loss or bone destruction.

The type of coffee consumed, the daily amount of coffee, and the frequency of consumption were measured.

physical methods to measure the distance from the bottom of a pocket to a reference line, usually the gingival margin or the cemento-enamel junction.

To test for bleeding after probing, the probe is carefully introduced to the bottom of the pocket and gently moved laterally along the pocket wall. + is maximum and - is minimum.

the frequency of fermented foods is measured. The foods questioned were evaluated using a 7-point Likert-type frequency form (every day, 3-4 per week, 1-2 per week, 2 per month, 1 per month, never). In addition, the amounts of foods consumed each time were recorded, and the daily consumption amounts were obtained by dividing them by the frequency of consumption.

an index for estimating the status of oral hygiene by measuring dental plaque that occurs in the areas adjacent to the gingival margin. 0 is minimum and 3 is maximum. The situation worsens as the score increases.