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Examine the impact of the protein supplements leucine, HMB and BCAA on muscle recovery and inflammatory response following acute exercise.
Participants, both females and males, will perform an acute bout of exercise. A bout of exercise that will involve multiple drop jumps. Prior to and post exercise, functional outputs will be measured and blood will be collected to quantify the inflammatory response. The protocol will involve attending the laboratory on 6 occasions over a two week period to complete the above measures.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Active Comparator | Control group that was not given a supplement. |
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| BCAA | Experimental | Supplement group that was given Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAA). |
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| Leucine | Experimental | Supplement group that was given Leucine. |
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| HMB | Experimental | Supplement group that was given β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drop Jumps | Other | Perform 100 drop jumps from 40 cm height. The protocol is divided into 5 sets of 20 repetitions. Between each repetition participants get 10 seconds, and between each set 2 minutes rest. Stand on the box, drop of the box and land with feet shoulder width apart. Then immediately bend knee to approx 45 degrees and jump straight up. Throughout each jump hands are placed on hips and should not move. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Concentration of Creatine Kinase at baseline | Blood taken from either vein or finger will be analysed for creatine kinase, a marker of muscle damage. | Baseline |
| Concentration of Creatine Kinase immediately after intervention. | Blood taken from either vein or finger will be analysed for creatine kinase, a marker of muscle damage. | Immediately after intervention. |
| Concentration of Creatine Kinase at 24 hours after intervention. | Blood taken from either vein or finger will be analysed for creatine kinase, a marker of muscle damage. | 24 hours after intervention. |
| Concentration of Creatine Kinase at 48 hours after intervention. | Blood taken from either vein or finger will be analysed for creatine kinase, a marker of muscle damage. | 48 hours after intervention. |
| Concentration of Creatine Kinase at 7 days after intervention. | Blood taken from either vein or finger will be analysed for creatine kinase, a marker of muscle damage. | 7 days after intervention. |
| Concentration of Creatine Kinase at 14 days after intervention. | Blood taken from either vein or finger will be analysed for creatine kinase, a marker of muscle damage. | 14 days after intervention. |
| Number of Chair Rises at baseline | Stand and sit on chair consecutively for 30 seconds with hands placed on hips. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Weighed food diaries. | Fill out dietary intake on food diary, by weighing food. | Daily for 14 days. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liverpool John Moores University | Liverpool | Merseyside | L3 3AF | United Kingdom |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22569039 | Background | Howatson G, Hoad M, Goodall S, Tallent J, Bell PG, French DN. Exercise-induced muscle damage is reduced in resistance-trained males by branched chain amino acids: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Jul 12;9:20. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-20. eCollection 2012. | |
| 21562819 | Background |
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Participant data to be published.
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Randomised control study with four groups, one control and three protein supplements.
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| Baseline |
| Number of Chair Rises immediately after intervention. | Stand and sit on chair consecutively for 30 seconds with hands placed on hips. | Immediately after intervention. |
| Number of Chair Rises at 24 hours after intervention. | Stand and sit on chair consecutively for 30 seconds with hands placed on hips. | 24 hours after intervention. |
| Number of Chair Rises at 48 hours after intervention. | Stand and sit on chair consecutively for 30 seconds with hands placed on hips. | 48 hours after intervention. |
| Number of Chair Rises at 7 days after intervention. | Stand and sit on chair consecutively for 30 seconds with hands placed on hips. | 7 days after intervention. |
| Number of Chair Rises at 14 days after intervention. | Stand and sit on chair consecutively for 30 seconds with hands placed on hips. | 14 days after intervention. |
| Squat Jump height at baseline | Hands placed on hips, feet shoulder width apart. Bend knees to approx 45 degrees hold for 3 seconds and jump maximally. | Baseline |
| Squat Jump height immediately after intervention. | Hands placed on hips, feet shoulder width apart. Bend knees to approx 45 degrees hold for 3 seconds and jump maximally. | Immediately after intervention. |
| Squat Jump height at 24 hours after intervention. | Hands placed on hips, feet shoulder width apart. Bend knees to approx 45 degrees hold for 3 seconds and jump maximally. | 24 hours after intervention. |
| Squat Jump height at 48 hours after intervention. | Hands placed on hips, feet shoulder width apart. Bend knees to approx 45 degrees hold for 3 seconds and jump maximally. | 48 hours after intervention. |
| Squat Jump height at 7 days after intervention. | Hands placed on hips, feet shoulder width apart. Bend knees to approx 45 degrees hold for 3 seconds and jump maximally. | 7 days after intervention. |
| Squat Jump height at 14 days after intervention. | Hands placed on hips, feet shoulder width apart. Bend knees to approx 45 degrees hold for 3 seconds and jump maximally. | 14 days after intervention. |
| Range of motion at baseline. | Sit on chair, then flex and extend legs three times from 90 degrees position. | Baseline |
| Range of motion immediately after intervention. | Sit on chair, then flex and extend legs three times from 90 degrees position. | Immediately after intervention. |
| Range of motion at 24 hours after intervention. | Sit on chair, then flex and extend legs three times from 90 degrees position. | 24 hours after intervention. |
| Range of motion at 48 hours after intervention. | Sit on chair, then flex and extend legs three times from 90 degrees position. | 48 hours after intervention. |
| Range of motion at 7 days after intervention. | Sit on chair, then flex and extend legs three times from 90 degrees position. | 7 days after intervention. |
| Range of motion at 14 days after intervention. | Sit on chair, then flex and extend legs three times from 90 degrees position. | 14 days after intervention. |
| Inflammatory cytokines concentration at baseline | Blood from vein will be analysed for 10 different cytokines. Different cytokines include interleukins 1 beta, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 17 and tutor necrosis factor receptor 1. | Baseline |
| Inflammatory cytokines concentration at 24 hours after intervention. | Blood from vein will be analysed for 10 different cytokines. Different cytokines include interleukins 1 beta, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 17 and tutor necrosis factor receptor 1. | 24 hours after intervention. |
| Inflammatory cytokines concentration at 48 hours after intervention. | Blood from vein will be analysed for 10 different cytokines. Different cytokines include interleukins 1 beta, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 17 and tutor necrosis factor receptor 1. | 48 hours after intervention. |
| Inflammatory cytokines concentration at 7 days after intervention. | Blood from vein will be analysed for 10 different cytokines. Different cytokines include interleukins 1 beta, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 17 and tutor necrosis factor receptor 1. | 7 days after intervention. |
| Concentration of Lactate from baseline to immediately after intervention. | Blood drop from finger will be used to lactate. | Baseline and immediately after intervention. |
| Muscle Soreness | Record soreness on visual analogue scale from 1-10 1 = low soreness, 10 = extreme soreness. | Daily for 14 days. |
| Kirby TJ, Triplett NT, Haines TL, Skinner JW, Fairbrother KR, McBride JM. Effect of leucine supplementation on indices of muscle damage following drop jumps and resistance exercise. Amino Acids. 2012 May;42(5):1987-96. doi: 10.1007/s00726-011-0928-9. Epub 2011 May 12. |