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The purpose of this study is to use optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) to compare retinal vasculature after uncomplicated cataract surgery in patients with and without diabetic retinopathy.
Patients undergoing cataract surgery who provided informed consent were enrolled in the study. There were three comparison groups: control, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) groups. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) scans measuring retinal thickness, vessel density, perfusion density, and foveal avascular zone were obtained at baseline and postoperative week one, month one and month three.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Patients undergoing uneventful cataract surgery with no retinal vascular disease. |
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| Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) | Patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy with no diabetic macular edema treatment in the 6 months prior to uneventful cataract surgery. |
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| Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) | Patients with diabetic macular edema undergoing active Anti-VEGF treatment (within the last 3 months) undergoing uneventful cataract surgery. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cataract surgery | Procedure | Patients undergoing uneventful cataract surgery were recruited to this study if they met the inclusion criteria of the three groups. Postoperative retinal vasculature measures, as recorded by the optical coherence tomography angiography imaging technique, were compared to baseline measures. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline of retinal vessel density up to 3 months post-cataract surgery. | Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) scans will be taken at baseline and postoperative week one, month one, and month three. This imaging modality provides measurements for retinal vessel density to be compared between groups and time. | Preoperative (Baseline); Postoperative (1 Week, 1 Month, 3 Months) |
| Change from baseline of retinal perfusion density up to 3 months post-cataract surgery. | Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) scans will be taken at baseline and postoperative week one, month one, and month three. This imaging modality provides measurements for retinal perfusion density to be compared between groups and time. | Preoperative (Baseline); Postoperative (1 Week, 1 Month, 3 Months) |
| Change from baseline of foveal avascular zone up to 3 months post-cataract surgery. | Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) scans will be taken at baseline and postoperative week one, month one, and month three. This imaging modality provides measurements for foveal avascular zone (FAZ), particularly FAZ area, perimeter, and circularity index, to be compared between groups and time. | Preoperative (Baseline); Postoperative (1 Week, 1 Month, 3 Months) |
| Change from baseline of retinal thickness up to 3 months post-cataract surgery. | Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans will be taken at baseline and postoperative week one, month one, and month three. This imaging modality provides measurements of retinal thickness, particularly, central subfield and average macular cube thickness, to be compared between groups and time. | Preoperative (Baseline); Postoperative (1 Week, 1 Month, 3 Months) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Development of new cystoid macular edema | New cases of cystoid macular edema (a potential side effect of cataract surgery) are to be recorded to determine if there are preoperative risk factors for development of cystoid macular edema post-cataract surgery. | Preoperative (Baseline); Postoperative (1 Week, 1 Month, 3 Months) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Participants selected from Uptown Eye Specialists, an eye care clinic, at two sites in Brampton, Ontario, Canada and Vaughan, Ontario, Canada.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hannah H Chiu, MD, FRCSC | Uptown Eye Specialists | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uptown Eye Speicialists | Brampton | Ontario | L6Y0P6 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20827486 | Background | Eriksson U, Alm A, Bjarnhall G, Granstam E, Matsson AW. Macular edema and visual outcome following cataract surgery in patients with diabetic retinopathy and controls. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2011 Mar;249(3):349-59. doi: 10.1007/s00417-010-1484-9. Epub 2010 Sep 9. | |
| 30278057 | Background | Yu S, Frueh BE, Steinmair D, Ebneter A, Wolf S, Zinkernagel MS, Munk MR. Cataract significantly influences quantitative measurements on swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography imaging. PLoS One. 2018 Oct 2;13(10):e0204501. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204501. eCollection 2018. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002386 | Cataract |
| D003930 | Diabetic Retinopathy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007905 | Lens Diseases |
| D005128 | Eye Diseases |
| D012164 | Retinal Diseases |
| D003925 | Diabetic Angiopathies |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002387 | Cataract Extraction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D054140 | Refractive Surgical Procedures |
| D013508 | Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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| 29705010 | Background | Zhao Z, Wen W, Jiang C, Lu Y. Changes in macular vasculature after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery: Optical coherence tomography angiography study. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2018 Apr;44(4):453-458. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.02.014. Epub 2018 Apr 25. |
| Background | Sorour O, Arya M, Waheed N. New findings and challenges in OCT angiography for diabetic retinopathy. Annals of Eye Science. 2018; 3(8): 44-54. |
| D014652 |
| Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D048909 | Diabetes Complications |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |