Comparative Effect of Combined Strength, Core and Balance Training on Kinesiophobia, Ankle Instability, Functional Outcomes, and Performance in Table Tennis Players With Functional Ankle Instability

Comparative Effect of Combined Strength, Core and Balance Training on Kinesiophobia, Ankle Instability, Functional Outcomes, and Performance in Table Tennis Players With Functional Ankle Instability

This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effect of combined strength and balance training versus balance and core training on kinesiophobia (fear of movement), ankle instability, functional outcomes, and athletic performance in adolescent table tennis players with functional ankle instability (FAI). Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups over a 6-week intervention (3 sessions/week). The Experimental Group will receive combined strength and balance training, while the Control Group will receive balance and core training. Outcomes will be measured using validated tools: TSK-17, CAIT, FAAM, Y-Balance Test, Single-Leg Hop Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male/female table tennis players aged 15-30 years
2. Experienced at least one ankle sprain with swelling/pain that interrupted training for >1 day within the last 6 months
3. Reported sensation of instability of the ankle
4. Scored ≤25 points on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), indicating functional ankle instability

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of ankle fracture or surgery
2. Any fracture of lower limb history
3. Any neurological or vestibular disorders
4. Other injuries of lower limb affecting performance