Cognitive Responses to Acute Breath-Hold Diving Training in Female Divers

Investigation of Cognitive Responses to Acute Breath-Hold Diving Training in Female Divers

This study aims to investigate the acute cognitive and physiological responses to breath-hold diving training in trained female divers. Participants will complete three separate sessions including a control session, a land-based breath-hold training session, and a water-based breath-hold training session in randomized order. Cognitive performance, mood state, heart rate responses, respiratory function, and maximal breath-hold capacity will be evaluated before and after the interventions. The study is expected to improve understanding of how acute apnea-based diving exercises influence cognitive functions and physiological adaptations under different environmental conditions.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Licensed breath-hold or free-diving athletes
• Aged between 18 and 30 years
• Minimum of 5 years of training experience
• No known cardiovascular or pulmonary disease
• Non-smokers
• Willing to participate voluntarily
• Refraining from intense exercise within 24 hours before testing

Exclusion Criteria:

• Use of performance-enhancing drugs or ergogenic aids
• Presence of chronic sports injury
• Alcohol consumption within 24 hours before testing
• Caffeine intake within 2 hours before testing
• Sleep deprivation or severe fatigue
• Current medication use Fear of water or inability to complete breath-hold procedures