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This study will explore how exercise affects brain chemicals called endocannabinoids, which may improve thinking skills and reduce feelings of stress, anxiety, and low mood in children and teens aged 9 to 17. Participants will take part in a single 30-minute activity session, where they will be randomly assigned to one of three groups:
The investigators will measure endocannabinoid levels, thinking skills, and mood before and after the activity to see how these activities affect the brain and emotions.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate Intensity Exercise | Experimental |
| |
| Light Intensity Stretching | Active Comparator |
| |
| Seated Meditation | Active Comparator |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate Intensity Exercise | Behavioral | Participants randomized to the moderate intensity exercise condition will complete a 30 min session on a motor driven treadmill. Participants will complete a 3-minute warm-up at low speed on a treadmill. Speed and incline will be increased in 3-minute increments until moderate-intensity exercise, defined as the goal of participants staying within a target zone of 50-70% AAMHR while briskly walking and/or jogging depending on current fitness status. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Endocannabinoid (eCB) Concentrations | Plasma and saliva samples will be collected immediately before and after exercise or control conditions. Samples will be analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify concentrations of eCBs. | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Cognitive performance (Dimensional Change Card Sort Test) | The NIH Toolbox® iPad application will be administered to measure executive functioning before and after the exercise or control condition: Dimensional Change Card Sort Test (DCCS). | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Cognitive performance (Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test) | The NIH Toolbox® iPad application will be administered to measure executive functioning before and after the exercise or control condition: Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (Flanker). | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Cognitive performance (Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test) | The NIH Toolbox® iPad application will be administered to measure executive functioning before and after the exercise or control condition: Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test (PCT). | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Cognitive performance (Picture Sequence Memory Test) | The NIH Toolbox® iPad application will be administered to measure executive functioning before and after the exercise or control condition: Picture Sequence Memory Test (PSMT). | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Anxiety symptoms |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hilary Marusak | Wayne State University | Principal Investigator |
| Jeanne Barcelona | Wayne State University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tolan Park Medical Building | Detroit | Michigan | 48201 | United States |
Undecided where the research team would like to submit the article for publication
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| Light Intensity Stretching | Behavioral | Participants randomized into the light stretching condition will complete a 30-minute video, tailored for 9-17-year-olds. This video leads participants through a series of seated arm, torso, leg, knee and shoulder stretches on a yoga mat. Participants will be monitored throughout the stretching session by a trained research assistant, and HR and perceived exertion will also be measured throughout. The research assistant may make modifications to the poses in real-time to ensure that AAMHR is kept below 40%. |
|
| Seated Meditation | Behavioral | Participants randomized into the meditation condition will complete a 30-minute video, tailored for 9-17-year-olds. This video leads participants through a seated guided meditation on a yoga mat. This includes a series of breathing, visualization, and body awareness exercises. Participants will be monitored throughout the meditation session by a trained research assistant, and HR and perceived exertion will also be measured throughout, to ensure that AAMHR is kept below 30%. |
|
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children |
| Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Affect | Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) - Child Version | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |
| Mood state | Mood and Feelings Questionnaire for Children | Within 30 minutes before and after exercise or control conditions |