Laparoscopy is a type of surgical procedure that allows a surgeon to access the inside of the abdomen and pelvis without making large incisions in the skin.The use of laparoscopy in abdomenal surgeries increases for its great benefits over open surgery as:

1)faster recovery, 2)decrease blood loss, 3)shorter hospital stays, 4)decreased postoperative pain, 5)earlier return to work and resumption of normal daily activity as well as, 6)cosmetic benefits.

few studies discuss the efficacy and safety of using Laparoscopy in liver non anatomical resection.

this study will include any male and female above 18 that presented with localized liver pathology (as benign hepatic tumours, resectable primary(HCC) or secondary malignancies, hydatid cyst any other hepatic cysts, haemangiomas,etc…...) and underwent laparoscopic non anatomical resection of liver in Assiut university hospitals. Investigators will record the time of operation, number of cases with intra operative mortality or complication and then follow up these patients during time of hospital stay for:

1) post operative pain 2) secondary bleeding and 3) wound infection.

Then follow up these patients in out patient clinic visit for their:

1. satisfaction
2. cosmetic outcomes and
3. rate of recurrence of the pathology.

Inclusion Criteria:

• any male or female above 18 that has one of the following pathologies and underwent non anatomical hepatic resection:
• hepatic benign tumours as adenoma
• resectable secondary malignancies (2)
• any type of hepatic cysts e.g., hydatid cyst
• HCC on top of liver cirrhosis.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1) any immunocompromised patient 2) Patient with contraindicdtions to use laparoscopy. 3) patient who are difficult to follow up.