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The aim of this cross-over intervention study is to investigate the influence of the sweet-modulating substance hesperetin in combination with sucrose in comparison to an equally sweet-tasting sucrose-only solution on markers of energy metabolism.
The study is designed as a randomised cross-over intervention study with two arms. The aim is to investigate the influence of a 10% sucrose solution, corresponding to the sugar content of a conventional soft drink, compared to an equally sweet-tasting 7% sucrose solution in combination with 50 mg/L of the polyphenol hesperetin, on time-dependent blood glucose fluctuations and ad libitum energy intake in metabolically healthy male volunteers.
To investigate the underlying mechanisms, the individual appetite score, metabolic and hormonal responses to the interventions and circulating extracellular vesicles and their miRNA composition will be measured. In addition, the participants' individual thresholds for sweet taste, preference and consumption for sweet-tasting foods such as sugar and sweeteners, and their body composition will be recorded as potential influencing factors.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose | Experimental | 10% (w/v) sucrose in water |
|
| Hesperetin | Experimental | 7% (w/v) sucrose in water + 50 mg/L Hesperetin |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose | Other | 10% sucrose corresponding to a regular soft drink |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in blood glucose concentration | Change compared to baseline in blood glucose concentration [mg/dL] in plasma samples after drinking the test solution | 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after drinking the test solution |
| Change in appetite score | Change compared to baseline in the subjective rating of the individual feeling of hunger, fullness, as well as appetite for a snack or for something sweet on a digital visual analog scale in comparison to baseline | Difference between before and 120 minutes after drinking of the test solution |
| Change in food intake | Ad libitum food intake from a standardized breakfast | 120 minutes after drinking of the test solution |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in blood glucose regulating hormones | Change compared to baseline in Insulin, Glucagon-like peptide 1, and Gastric inhibitory polypeptide concentrations [mmol/L] in plasma samples after drinking the test solution | 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after drinking the test solution |
| Change in satiety hormones |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Barbara Lieder, PhD | University of Vienna | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christian Doppler Laboratory for Taste Research | Vienna | 1090 | Austria |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41256921 | Derived | Gaider M, Kimmeswenger I, Schmidt J, Thines C, Wu A, Stoffl TK, Rust P, Ley JP, Krammer GE, Somoza V, Lieder B. Sucrose reduction with maintained sweetness level lowers glycemic fluctuations and energy intake in healthy males. Front Nutr. 2025 Nov 3;12:1682297. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1682297. eCollection 2025. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013395 | Sucrose |
| D019422 | Dietary Sucrose |
| C013015 | hesperetin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004187 | Disaccharides |
| D009844 | Oligosaccharides |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
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| Hesperetin | Drug | increases sweetness of 7% sucrose solution to match sweetness of 10% sucrose solution |
|
|
Change compared to baseline in Polypeptide Y, grehlin, cholecystokinin, and serotonin concentrations [mmol/L] in plasma samples after drinking the test |
| 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after drinking the test solution |
| Change in circulating miRNA | Change compared to baseline in circulating extracellular vesicles and their miRNA composition | 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after drinking the test solution |
| D000073893 |
| Sugars |
| D000073417 | Dietary Sugars |
| D004040 | Dietary Carbohydrates |
| D064427 | Nutritive Sweeteners |
| D013549 | Sweetening Agents |
| D005421 | Flavoring Agents |
| D005503 | Food Additives |
| D000074385 | Food Ingredients |
| D020313 | Specialty Uses of Chemicals |
| D020164 | Chemical Actions and Uses |
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |