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A significant risk associated with hypothermia during exercise in a cold environment is the core temperature (T°core) afterdrop, which corresponds to a continuous fall in T°core during rewarming after hypothermia. However, the rate and predictors of the afterdrop are unclear, particularly during prolonged cold water swimming.
The investigators propose to measure the changes in T°core during and after a cold water swim at 12.5-13°C qualifying for English Channel swim and to test the impact of anthropometric and swimming parameters on the duration of the T°core afterdrop. The hypotheses are that afterdrop is common during a prolonged cold water swimming event and that protective factors against T°core drop during cold water swimming (increased body fat and BMI) might, conversely, be associated with prolonged afterdrop.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cold water swimmers | swimmers participating in the 6-hour cold water swim, qualifying for the English Channel Swim |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swimming participants in the 6-hour cold water swim | Other | The 6-hour cold water swim was the qualifying swim for the English Channel swim during the Channel Swim Camp Dinard 2021 and participants were the swimmers registered for the 6-hour cold water swim who volunteered to participate in this study |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Body Core Temperature | Measurement of Body Core Temperature using an ingestible electronic sensor (e-Celsius®, BodyCap , Caen, France) which provide a continuous validated measurement | Continuous measurement was collected from 30 minutes before the race until 2 hours after the end of the race for each swimmer |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body composition, body mass | Fat mass (in kg, % of body mass [fat mass and body mass were combined to report % of body mass) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).](streamdown:incomplete-link) | One measurement assessed the day before the race |
| Body composition, fat-free mass |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Swimmers participating in the 6-hour cold-water swim, qualifying for the English Channel swim at the Channel Swim Camp (Dinard, France).
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHU Caen Normandie | Caen | 14000 | France |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007035 | Hypothermia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001832 | Body Temperature Changes |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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|
Fat-free mass (in kg, % of body mass [fat-free mass and body mass were combined to report % of body mass) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).](streamdown:incomplete-link) |
| One measurement assessed the day before the race |
| Body composition, muscle mass | Muscle mass (in kg, % of body mass [muscle mass and body mass were combined to report % of body mass) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).](streamdown:incomplete-link) | One measurement assessed the day before the race |
| Distance | Distance of the swimming | The distance of swimming was collected from the organisers immediately after the race |
| Duration | Duration of the swimming | The duration of swimming was collected from the organisers immediately after the race |
| Individual characteristics, gender | The variable collected was the gender of participants | One evaluation assessed the day before the race |
| Individual characteristics, age | The variables collected was the age of participants | One evaluation assessed the day before the race |
| Individual characteristics, swimming habits | The variables collected was the swimming distance per week (total, swimming pool and open water) | One evaluation assessed the day before the race |
| Individual characteristics, training in cold environment | The variable collected was the type of specific training in cold environment (yes/no) | One evaluation assessed the day before the race |