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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Oslo University Hospital | OTHER |
| Norwegian Armed Forces Medical Service | OTHER_GOV |
| SINTEF MiNaLab | UNKNOWN |
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Swimming in cold water is intrinsically unsafe. One of the threats is a fall in core body temperature (Tcore), which adversely affects all body systems and increases the risk of death. Wetsuits mitigate, but do not negate this threat. Environmental conditions may confound findings from laboratory studies or computer models, thus necessitating open water studies.
This study was designed to investigate the effects of open water wetsuited swimming on core body temperature at a range of different water temperatures between 8.4oC and 24.5oC.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open water wetsuited swimming. | Other | All swimmers used their own well-fitting wetsuits (5 mm maximum thickness in accordance with World Triathlon guidelines7) and were free to supplement additional neoprene hats, gloves and booties as desired. A safety paramedic attended all swims. Swim distance was self-determined |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Core temperature | A self-inserted rectal pill was used to continuously measure core temperature in 76 open water swims by 31 wetsuited swimmers in water temperatures ranging from 8.4°C to 24.5°C. The Tcore curves were analysed by linear mixed model regression. | The thermistor was inserted 15 minutes prior to immersion and measured the core temperature until 30 minutes after egress from the water. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Trained and highly trained swimmers were recruited from local swim clubs and via social media
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jonny Hisdal, PhD | Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway | Olso | Olso | Norway |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40926792 | Derived | Morton WJ, Melau J, Olsen RA, Lovvik OM, Hisdal J, Sovik S. Thermal physiology of open water wetsuited swimming: A cohort study. Temperature (Austin). 2025 Mar 24;12(3):245-263. doi: 10.1080/23328940.2025.2479893. eCollection 2025. |
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IPD will be shared upon request from a validated body and subject to a data sharing agreement with the University of Oslo.
IPD and supporting data will be available from publication of the primary outcome data in a peer review journal and will be supported for 10 years form that date.
IPD will be shared upon request from a validated body and subject to a data sharing agreement with the University of Oslo.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003139 | Common Cold |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D010850 | Picornaviridae Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
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| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |