E-cigarettes are marketed as an alternative to smoking for those who want to decrease the health risks of tobacco. Tobacco cigarettes increase heart rate (HR) and arterial pressure, while reducing muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) through sympathetic baroreflex inhibition. The acute effects of e-cigarettes on arterial pressure and MSNA have not been reported: our purpose was to clarify this issue. Using a randomized crossover design, participants inhaled on a JUUL containing nicotine (59 mg/ml) and a similar placebo e-cigarette (0 mg/ml).

Inclusion Criteria:

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals with a history of hyperthyroidism
• Women currently taking oral contraceptives, are pregnant or breast-feeding, or trying to become pregnant
• Individuals currently taking prescription drugs.
• Individuals with respiratory illnesses (e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, reactive airway disease, etc.)
• Individuals with hypertension (systolic >130 and/or diastolic > 80).
• Individuals with a history of tobacco or vaporized nicotine use.
• Individuals who have been diagnosed with diabetes
• Individuals who are under the age of 18 or over the age of 40

Participants were not informed if they were to receive nicotine or placebo