The Effect of Diet Counseling for Low Calorie-High Protein on the Body Composition, Inflammation Marker, and Oxidative Stress Marker in Obese People With Weight Cycling

The Effect of Diet Counseling for Low Calorie-High Protein on the Body Composition (Weight, Body Mass Index, Fat Mass (kg), Fat Mass Percentage, Muscle Mass (kg), Muscle Mass Percentage, Inflammation Marker (High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein), and Oxidative Stress Marker (Malondialdehyde and Glutathione) in Obese People With Weight Cycling in Jakarta

The world prevalence of obesity in adult population in 2014 was nearly 13% while in Indonesia, it has reached 32.9% in the same year. Obesity is an established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. A large proportion of people who had succeeded to reduce body weight failed to maintain it (weight cycling). Studies were inconclusive about the best composition in the diet for such people to have a better life quality and reduce risk factors from non-communicable disease. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the body composition changes, Inflammation marker and oxidative stress marker changes resulted from low calorie high protein and standard protein diet programme in obese people with history of weight cycling.

This is an open-randomized clinical trial of weight loss program as a part of a larger study researching the effect of low calorie high protein diet to body composition, oxidative stress, inflammation marker and metabolic syndrome in obese with weight cycling. Subjects were assigned to low calorie diet and were randomly distributed into two intervention groups, namely high protein group (22-30 % of total calories intake) and standard protein group (12-20%). Anthropometry, body composition data, and blood sample (for inflammation marker (HsCRP) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and glutathione)) were taken at baseline and at the end of the study. Subjects were followed up to 8 weeks with daily reminder and weekly counselling

Inclusion Criteria:

• body mass index ranging from 25 - 35 kg/m2
• history of weight loss ≥2 kg and regaining weight into or exceeding its initial body weight at least twice in last five years

Exclusion Criteria:

• diabetes mellitus
• history of gastrointestinal tract resection
• hormonal disorders
• using hormonal contraception
• menopause,
• kidney function disruption