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Breast cancer surgery is known to cause severe acute postoperative pain, which can persist for a long time. The investigators administered nefopam preventively to patients undergoing total mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection or sentinel lymph node biopsy, and evaluated its efficacy on acute and chronic postoperative pain.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Placebo Comparator | Placebo use instead of nefopam |
|
| Nefopam | Experimental | Intraoperative use of nefopam 40 mg |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nefopam | Drug |
| ||
| Normal Saline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of cumulative analgesia volume infused via intravenous patient-controlled analgesia device | At postoperative 4 hour, 24 hour, 48 hour, 72 hour, 10 day, and 3 month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of numerical rating scale for postoperative pain | At postoperative 4 hour, 24 hour, 48 hour, 72 hour, 10 day, and 3 month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seoul National University Bundang Hospital | Recruiting | Seongnam-si | Gyeonggi-do | 463-707 | South Korea |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009340 | Nefopam |
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010079 | Oxazocines |
| D001392 | Azocines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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|
| D000077324 |
| Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |