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Rocuronium is suitable for rapid induction within 60-90 seconds and its effect last 24-40 minute after single bolus injection. For outpatient surgery with short operation time, low dose rocuronium is frequently used for rapid recovery at the expense of compromised intubating condition. For better intubating condition, ketamine can be used. However, appropriate dose of ketamine with low dose rocuronium is not established yet. This study, 3 different doses of ketamine with low dose rocuronium will be compared for appropriate intubating condition.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketamine 1 | Experimental | Ketamine 1 mg/kg will be injected during induction. Low dose rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) will be injected for muscle relaxation. |
|
| Ketamine 1.5 | Experimental | Ketamine 1.5 mg/kg will be injected during induction. Low dose rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) will be injected for muscle relaxation. |
|
| Ketamine 2 | Experimental | Ketamine 2 mg/kg will be injected during induction. Low dose rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) will be injected for muscle relaxation. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rocuronium | Drug | Low dose rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) will be injected after induction of anesthesia with ketamine. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intubation Condition | 5 variables will be individually evaluated though 3 point scale (excellent, good, poor). If all variables are graded as excellent, intubation condition will be excellent. If at least 1 variable is poor, it will be reported as poor. Otherwise, it will be reported as good.
| during and after intubation, about 2 minute |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| heart rate | heart rate will be recorded. | 1. 1 min before induction 2.1 min after ketamine injection 3. 1min after intubation 4. 5 min after intubation 5. 10 min after intubation |
| time for extubation |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Go Un Roh, MD | Contact | 82-31-219-6435 | gone7968@aumc.ac.kr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Go Un Roh, MD | Ajou University School of Medicine | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006552 | Hernia, Inguinal |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D046449 | Hernia, Abdominal |
| D006547 | Hernia |
| D020763 | Pathological Conditions, Anatomical |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077123 | Rocuronium |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000732 | Androstanols |
| D000731 | Androstanes |
| D013256 | Steroids |
| D000072473 | Fused-Ring Compounds |
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| ketamine 1 | Drug | ketamine 1 mg/kg will be injected for induction of anesthesia |
|
| ketamine 1.5 | Drug | ketamine 1.5 mg/kg will be injected for induction of anesthesia |
|
| ketamine 2 | Drug | ketamine 2 mg/kg will be injected for induction of anesthesia |
|
| from the end of surgery to extubation, within 10 min |
| emergence agitation (4 points scale) | 4 points scale 1: calm 2. cry but manageable 3. cry, not manageable 4. excitation | 5 min after postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission |
| PACU time | from PACU admission to discharge, about 30 min |
| severity of vomiting | severity(0-10) | 1. 1 min after PACU admission 2. 30 min after PACU admission |
| Analgesic requirements (mg/kg) | if pain score exceed 3, fentanyl will be introduced. The total dose of fentanyl injection will be recorded. | during PACU stay, about 30 min |
| Desaturation | pulseoximeter will be applied and peripheral oxygen saturation less than 94 will be recorded. | during PACU stay, about 30 min |
| blood pressure | blood pressure will be recorded | 1. 1 min before induction 2.1 min after ketamine injection 3. 1min after intubation 4. 5 min after intubation 5. 10 min after intubation |
| frequency of vomiting | 1. 1 min after PACU admission 2. 30 min after PACU admission |
| D011083 |
| Polycyclic Compounds |