The investigators hypothesized that increasing the cardiac output by use of atropine in children might result in a reduction of the intubation time needed to facilitate tracheal intubation.

The investigators hypothesized that increasing the cardiac output by use of atropine in children might result in a reduction of the intubation time needed to facilitate tracheal intubation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine TimeEI with a low dose of esmeron (rocuronium) (0.3 mg.kg-1) for achievement of successful tracheal intubation conditions during intravenous (i.v.) anaesthesia using propofol and alfentanil in children and to determine whether administration of i.v. atropine (atropine sulphate) (10 μg.kg-1) during anaesthesia induction reduced these times.

Inclusion Criteria:

• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I,
• Tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with known allergy to the drugs used in this study,
• A history of reactive airway disease and asthma,
• A neuromuscular disorder, an anticipated difficult airway, and
• Crying children on arrival in the operating theatre