to receive rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg with ephedrine pretreatment

to receive rocuronium 0.8 mg/kg with ephedrine pretreatment

to receive rocuronium 1.2 mg/kg with no pretreatment

70 μg/kg as pretreatment

Evaluation of intubation conditions after rapid sequence induction using rocuronium 0.6 or 0.8 mg/kg with ephedrine pretreatment, compared with 1.2 mg/kg, according to the criteria of the Good Clinical Research Practice (GCRP) in pharmacodynamic studies of NMBAs (Fuchs-Buder et al., 2007), which assess each of the following variables for their qualities described as: (excellent, good, poor)

• ease of laryngoscopy (easy, fair, difficult)
• vocal cords position (abducted, intermediate, closed)
• reaction to tracheal tube insertion and cuff inflation (coughing: none, slight, vigorous)

The 3 variables will be combined to describe intubation conditions as:

• Excellent: if all qualities are excellent
• Good: if all qualities are either excellent or good
• Poor: if there is a single poor quality

Following up the heart rate on the monitor

Following up the mean arterial pressure by noninvasive blood pressure monitoring