Effect of MCT Emulsification on Ketogenesis in Human Adults

Effect of Medium-chain Triglycerides Emulsification on Ketogenesis and Adverse Effects in Human Adults

Lower brain glucose uptake is present before the onset of cognitive deterioration and may increase the risk of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Ketones are the brain's main alternative energy substrates. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) are rapidly beta-oxidized and are ketogenic. Large doses of MCT oil are linked to gastro-intestinal side effects due to incomplete absorption so the investigators examined whether homogenisation into a skim milk matrix (MCT-H) would both improve ketogenesis and reduce side-effects compared to MCT taken without homogenisation into a matrix (bulk MCT [MCT-B]).

Hypotheses: (i) MCT-H will be better absorbed compared to MCT-B, so MCT-H will result in higher ketonemia and lower side effects in healthy adults. (ii) The effects of MCT-B and MCT-H on ketogenesis will be dose-dependent.

Inclusion Criteria:

• aged 18 years or more

Exclusion Criteria:

• smoker
• pregnancy or breastfeeding
• diabetes or insulin resistance
• uncontrolled thyroid disease, hepatic or renal disease
• uncontrolled high blood pressure
• medical treatment influencing lipid or glucide metabolism
• ongoing or past severe drug or alcohol abuse
• dementia or psychiatric difficulties or depression
• chronic immune condition or inflammation