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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council | OTHER |
| Unilever R&D | INDUSTRY |
| Foundation for Research Science and Technology (New Zealand) | UNKNOWN |
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Experimental elevation of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) impairs endothelial function and insulin sensitivity but the impact of NEFA composition is unknown.
The objective was to test the effect of acute elevation of NEFA enriched with either saturated fatty acids (SFA) or SFA with long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) on postprandial vascular function measured via flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), laser Doppler iontophoresis (LDI) and digital volume pulse (DVP), followed by a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp as a measure of whole body insulin sensitivity.
To investigate potential diet-gene interactions, potential subjects (n=370) were prospectively genotyped for the eNOS Glu298Asp polymorphism, of which 35 were Asp298 and 150 were Glu298 homozygotes. Three subjects in the Asp298 group were unable to participate, two were unsuitable according to selection criteria and one subject subsequently withdrew from the study. Subjects homozygous for Asp298 (n=29) and Glu298 (n=30) were therefore selected, balanced for gender, age and BMI.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| SFA | Experimental | Oral dose of palmitic acid (SFA) given as a chocolate-flavoured drink every 30 min (0-390 min) with a continuous infusion of heparin (60-390 min). |
|
| SFA + LC n-3 PUFA | Experimental | Oral dose of palmitic acid and DHA-rich fish oil (SFA + LC n-3 PUFA) given as a chocolate-flavoured drink every 30 min (0-390 min) together with a continuous infusion of heparin (60-390 min). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absence or presence of fish oil | Dietary Supplement | Oral dose of saturated fat with or without fish oil and a heparin infusion |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Flow-mediated dilatation | Change from baseline to 240 min | |
| Flow-mediated dilatation | Change from 240 min to 390 min |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Digital volume pulse | Change from baseline to 240 min | |
| Laser Doppler iontophoresis | Change from baseline to 240 min | |
| Insulin sensitivity |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Christine M Williams | University of Reading | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Reading | Reading | United Kingdom |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25921849 | Derived | Newens KJ, Thompson AK, Jackson KG, Williams CM. Endothelial function and insulin sensitivity during acute non-esterified fatty acid elevation: Effects of fat composition and gender. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Jun;25(6):575-81. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Mar 14. | |
| 21831993 | Derived | Newens KJ, Thompson AK, Jackson KG, Wright J, Williams CM. DHA-rich fish oil reverses the detrimental effects of saturated fatty acids on postprandial vascular reactivity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Sep;94(3):742-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.009233. Epub 2011 Aug 10. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| 390 min |
| NEFA composition | Change from baseline to 240 min |
| Circulating endothelial function markers | Change from baseline to 240 min |
| Digital volume pulse | Change from 240 min to 390 min |
| Laser Doppler iontophoresis | Change from 240 min to 390 min |
| Circulating endothelial markers | Change from 240 min to 390 min |