Research suggests dietary fiber may play a role in weight management, and fiber consumption is inversely associated with body weight, body fat, and BMI in cross-sectional studies. These effects may be mediated by increased satiety, reduced food intake, or changes in blood levels of glucose, insulin, and gut hormones.

The purpose of this study is to determine the satiety, glycemic, hormonal, and gastrointestinal responses of novel fiber supplements.

Inclusion Criteria:

• healthy men and women
• age 18-60 years
• non-smoking
• not taking medication
• non-dieting (weight stable in prior 3 months)
• BMI 18-27
• English literacy
• ability to give blood

Exclusion Criteria:

• do not regularly consume breakfast
• food allergies to ingredients found in study products
• dislike for muffins, fiber bars, or hot cereal
• BMI <18 or >27
• diagnosed cardiovascular, renal, or hepatic disease
• diabetes mellitus (fasting blood sugar >126 mg/dl)
• cancer in previous 5 years (except basal cell carcinoma of the skin)
• any gastrointestinal disease or condition
• recent bacterial infection (< 3 months)
• recent or concurrent participation in an intervention research study
• history of drug or alcohol abuse in prior 6 months
• use of lipid-lowering, anti-hypertensive, or anti-inflammatory steroid medication
• restrained eaters
• vegetarians
• people who eat more than approximately 15 grams of fiber per day
• women who are pregnant or lactating
• women with irregular menstrual cycles