Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gum tissue and alveolar bone destruction, and is known to be associated with various systemic diseases. Hyperuricemia, on the other hand, is a metabolic condition characterized by increased serum uric acid levels and can affect inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone metabolism. In recent years, the relationship between hyperuricemia and periodontal diseases has been increasingly investigated, but the biological mechanisms of this relationship have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between hyperuricemia and periodontitis and to reveal the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of this relationship, which are shaped by inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone metabolism.

A total of 80 individuals aged 18-65 years will be included in this clinical observational study. The periodontal status of the participants will be assessed using clinical periodontal parameters such as probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing. Participants will be divided into four groups according to their periodontal status and the presence of hyperuricemia: individuals with periodontitis and hyperuricemia, individuals with periodontally healthy and hyperuricemia, individuals with periodontitis but without hyperuricemia, and individuals with periodontally healthy and without hyperuricemia. Gingival crevicular fluid and serum samples will be taken from the participants. In these samples, receptor-mediated nuclear factor kappa B ligand, osteoprotegerin, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-10, interleukin-18, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 levels will be analyzed. This study is considered unique because it examines the relationship between hyperuricemia and periodontitis by evaluating inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone metabolism parameters together.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being between 18 and 65 years of age
• Being systemically healthy or diagnosed with hyperuricemia
• Having at least 20 natural teeth
• Being periodontally healthy or diagnosed with periodontitis

Exclusion Criteria:

• Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, and obesity are systemic diseases that may affect purine metabolism.
• Smoking
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Having received periodontal treatment within the last 3-6 months
• Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or uric acid-lowering drugs
• Presence of systemic diseases that may affect purine metabolism

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Dentistry