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Every year in the fall and winter, numerous respiratory viruses (such as influenza viruses, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), RSV, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus) circulate in mainland France, causing acute respiratory infections (ARIs). These viruses can cause epidemics of varying severity, requiring close monitoring to determine their circulation levels and adapt public health measures accordingly. In France, ARI surveillance relies on two networks: the Sentinelles network in primary care and the RENAL network in hospitals. The Sentinelles surveillance is conducted in collaboration with Santé publique France, the National Reference Center for Respiratory Infection Viruses (Institut Pasteur and Hospices Civils de Lyon), and the University of Corsica. As part of the virological surveillance of ARIs, Sentinelles physicians are asked to collect nasopharyngeal swabs or saliva samples from a sample of patients presenting with an ARI during their clinic visits. This surveillance makes it possible to identify respiratory viruses circulating in primary care (general practice and pediatrics), to describe confirmed cases for each of the circulating viruses, and to estimate the impact of each on general practice. This surveillance also allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccines against influenza and COVID-19.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individuals with an ARI consulting a GP or a private pediatrician in mainland France |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| saliva sampling | Diagnostic Test | Based on the protocol, physicians perform either a nasopharyngeal swab or saliva collection on included patients. The method is determined by scientific data and epidemiological constraints, not by the patient. Saliva collection: The physician oversees the collection during the visit using the provided kit (pipette, tube, etc.). Depending on constraints, the patient may perform the collection at home if agreed upon. If the patient is unable to self-collect (e.g., infants, facial paralysis), the physician collects the saliva directly from under the tongue using the pipette. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases seen in private practice (general practice and pediatrics) that tested positive for influenza viruses (by type and subtype), SARS-CoV-2, RSV, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus | Baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Weekly incidence rate of acute respiratory infections caused by influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 seen in general practice | Baseline | |
| Proportion of patients included vaccinated against influenza | Baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients seen in GPs' consultation with an acute respiratory infection
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thierry BLANCHON, MD, PhD | Contact | +33664846662 | thierry.blanchon@iplesp.upmc.fr | |
| Olivier STEICHEN, MD, PhD | Contact | olivier.steichen@aphp.fr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Thierry BLANCHON, MD, PhD | Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPLESP - UMR S 1136, N° BC 2908, Faculté de médecine Sorbonne Université, site Saint Antoine, 27 rue Chaligny | Paris | France |
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Related Info | View source |
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nasopharyngeal swab
|
| Nasopharyngeal swab | Diagnostic Test | Based on the protocol, physicians perform either a nasopharyngeal swab or saliva collection on included patients. The method is determined by scientific data and epidemiological constraints, not by the patient. Nasopharyngeal sampling: During the consultation, the physician performs a deep nasal swab using the provided kit (FFP2 mask, swab, transport tube, absorbent, SafetyBag, and pre-paid envelope for partner labs). |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007251 | Influenza, Human |
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D018357 | Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D009976 | Orthomyxoviridae Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D018186 | Pneumovirus Infections |
| D018184 | Paramyxoviridae Infections |
| D018701 | Mononegavirales Infections |
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