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Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) represent a major public health problem and a great burden in terms of morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. To ascertain the source of an infection, microbiology laboratories routinely perform a crucial step: the search for the pathogen through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Due to the extensive variety of pathogens, testing for the existence of all potential viruses, bacteria, or fungi accountable for the infection is an impractical and time-intensive endeavor. Furthermore, the rise of novel pathogens, exemplified by those accountable for the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, underscores the urgency of promptly developing new innovative diagnostic tests.
To address these needs, researchers have dedicated several years to developing indirect methodologies notably centered around utilizing markers derived from the host's immune system. Among these, one particularly promising approach focuses on measuring the expression of interferon-stimulated genes, which are uniquely triggered by viral infections, thereby facilitating viral diagnosis. This methodology's efficacy has been proven in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
This study's objective is to assess the functionality of such a tool across a spectrum of Respiratory Viral Infections (RVIs) prevalent within a French population during the winter season.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Replicative viruses | Presence of a replicative virus determined by viral culture |
| |
| Unreplicative viruses | Absence of a replicative virus determined by viral culture |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluate the performance of IFN I/III | Diagnostic Test | Evaluate the response in diagnosing non-respiratory viral infection. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Presence or Absence of a replicative virus detected by viral culture | RT-qPCR/qPCR-positive NPS will be inoculated on suitable cell lines using a culture medium appropriate for growth. Plates will be incubated at 33°C in 5% CO2 for 96 hours. Positive samples will be harvested for the confirmation technique, while negative samples will be cultured for 8 days. RNA or DNA from infected cells will be harvested and will be assayed with Panther Fusion® RT-PCR/PCR kits (Hologic Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) for viral identification, except for RSV and influenza A and B viruses (IAV/IBV) which were detected by immunofluorescence using Thermo ScientificTM IMAGENTM kits (Thermo Fischer Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). | One sample at inclusion |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients hospitalized at the Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL) with respiratory infection symptoms.
Nasopharyngeal samples positive for the detection of a respiratory virus for which the viral culture has been carried out will be selected by the CRB. After informing the patients of the study, the IFN I/III response can be assessed on these same nasopharyngeal samples (no additional sample necessary).
The data thus obtained will allow to determine the capacity of the IFN I/III response to detect replicating viruses.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infective Agents Institute, Croix rousse Hospital | Recruiting | Lyon | Rhone | 69004 | France |
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