Given the lack of large multicenter datasets in the context of Spinal arteriovenous fistula, the strength of the evidence surrounding this rare disease is limited. SPIDER hence aims to address that by compiling patient-level data from centers all around the world.

Type 1 or dural spinal arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are the most common spinal vascular malformation but remain frequently underdiagnosed due to their insidious onset and nonspecific clinical presentation. Delayed diagnosis is common and often results in progressive, and sometimes irreversible, myelopathy. Despite advances in imaging and treatment, there remains significant variability in diagnostic timelines, treatment strategies (endovascular, surgical, or combined), and reported outcomes across institutions.

Existing literature is largely limited to single-center retrospective series or small cohorts, often underpowered to evaluate predictors of outcome, recurrence, and the impact of diagnostic delay. Furthermore, direct comparisons between treatment modalities and long-term functional outcomes using standardized clinical scales are limited.

The SPIDER registry is designed to address these gaps by creating the largest international, multicenter dataset of patients with spinal dural AVFs. By pooling de-identified data from high-volume centers worldwide, this study aims to provide robust, generalizable evidence to inform clinical decision-making and optimize patient outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Type 1 spinal dural arteriovenous fistula, confirmed on imaging
• Surgically or endovascularly treated
• At least 1 available primary outcome

The registry will include patients from 40 different hospitals in 20 different countries.

Data cannot be shared due to its multicenter nature.