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This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effect of simulation-based and video-based training on nurses' confidence, satisfaction, and clinical practice related to nasogastric tube care, compared with a control group receiving routine training or usual practice. Nasogastric tube care is an essential nursing procedure that requires adequate knowledge, practical skills, and confidence to ensure safe and effective patient care. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: simulation-based training, video-based training, or control. The findings of this study will provide evidence on effective educational methods to improve nurses' performance in nasogastric tube care and support better quality of care.
Nasogastric tube care is a common and important nursing procedure that requires sound knowledge, technical competence, and confidence. Inadequate training may affect nurses' performance and the quality of care provided to patients with nasogastric tubes. Educational approaches such as simulation-based training and video-based training are increasingly used in nursing education and clinical training; however, limited evidence is available regarding their comparative effect on nurses' confidence, satisfaction, and actual practice in nasogastric tube care.
This study will be conducted as a randomized controlled trial at the Pediatric Hospital and Kirkuk Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk. A total of 83 nurses will be enrolled and randomly assigned to one of three groups: a simulation-based training group, a video-based training group, or a control group. The simulation-based group will receive structured training through simulated clinical practice, while the video-based group will receive standardized training through an instructional video. The control group will receive routine training or usual practice in the study setting.
Data will be collected using a questionnaire and an observational checklist. The questionnaire will include nurses' demographic characteristics, self-confidence in performing nasogastric tube care procedures, and satisfaction with the educational method. Clinical practice related to nasogastric tube care will be assessed using an observation checklist. The study will compare the effects of the training methods on nurses' confidence, satisfaction, and practice, and will also examine the relationship between confidence and practical performance after training.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simulation Group | Experimental | Participants will receive hands-on simulation training in a realistic clinical setting to practice nasogastric tube care. |
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| Video-based Group | Experimental | Video-Based Group: Participants will receive training via instructional videos demonstrating nasogastric tube care procedures. |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | Control Group: Participants will receive no additional intervention beyond routine standard practice. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simulation-Based Nasogastric Tube Care Training | Procedure | A structured simulation-based educational intervention designed to train nurses in nasogastric tube care using simulated clinical practice. The training includes standardized instruction and hands-on practice of key nasogastric tube care procedures in a simulated setting, with demonstration, supervised performance, and feedback to improve nurses' confidence, satisfaction, and clinical practice. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Nurses' clinical practice in nasogastric tube care | Clinical practice will be assessed using the Observation Checklist for Nursing Care of Nasogastric Tube (NG Care). This outcome will evaluate nurses' adherence to clinical standards and best practices in nasogastric tube care. Higher scores indicate better clinical practice performance. | Immediately after completion of the assigned training intervention (post-test 1) and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention (post-test 2). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Nurses' self-confidence in performing nasogastric tube care procedures | Self-confidence will be assessed using the study questionnaire on nurses' self-confidence in performing nasogastric tube care procedures. This outcome will measure nurses' perceived confidence in providing safe and effective nasogastric tube care. Higher scores indicate greater self-confidence. | Immediately after completion of the assigned training intervention (post-test 1) and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention (post-test 2). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heyam Adnan Jabbar, PhD | Contact | 009647700982933 | hiam.adnan1204b@conursing.uobaghdad.edu.iq |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kirkuk Teaching Hospital | Kirkuk | Kirkuk Governorate | Iraq |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25546468 | Background | Choi KS, He X, Chiang VC, Deng Z. A virtual reality based simulator for learning nasogastric tube placement. Comput Biol Med. 2015 Feb;57:103-15. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.12.006. Epub 2014 Dec 17. | |
| 35259226 | Background | Bloom L, Seckel MA. Placement of Nasogastric Feeding Tube and Postinsertion Care Review. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2022 Mar 15;33(1):68-84. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2022306. |
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Individual participant data will not be shared because the study involves a relatively small sample from specific hospital settings, and data sharing may increase the risk of participant identification even after de-identification.
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| Video-Based Nasogastric Tube Care Training | Procedure | Participants assigned to this arm receive video-based training on nasogastric tube care. The intervention consists of standardized educational content delivered through instructional video demonstrating key nasogastric tube care procedures and steps. The video is used to support learning in a structured manner to improve nurses' confidence, satisfaction, and clinical practice related to nasogastric tube care. |
|
| Nurses' satisfaction with the educational method | Satisfaction will be assessed using the study questionnaire on nurses' satisfaction with educational methods for nasogastric tube procedures. This outcome will measure participants' satisfaction with the assigned educational method or usual practice. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction. | Immediately after completion of the assigned training intervention (post-test 1) and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention (post-test 2). |
| Pediatric Hospital | Kirkuk | Kirkuk Governorate | Iraq |
|
| 21974794 | Background | Chan EY, Ng IH, Tan SL, Jabin K, Lee LN, Ang CC. Nasogastric feeding practices: a survey using clinical scenarios. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012 Mar;49(3):310-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.09.014. Epub 2011 Oct 5. |
| 32349566 | Background | Xu LC, Huang XJ, Lin BX, Zheng JY, Zhu HH. Clinical nurses' nasogastric feeding practices in adults: a multicenter cross-sectional survey in China. J Int Med Res. 2020 Apr;48(4):300060520920051. doi: 10.1177/0300060520920051. |
| 30457718 | Background | Guerrero Marquez G, Martinez Serrano A, Gutierrez Juarez M, Garcia Lozano A, Mayordomo Casado B, Torrijos Rodriguez MI, Verges Pernia C, Fernandez Morales E, Sanchez P, Medina Duran A, Miguez Navarro MC. Effectiveness of an educational intervention to improve nurses' knowledge on pediatric nasogastric intubation. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2018 Dec 1;116(6):402-408. doi: 10.5546/aap.2018.eng.402. English, Spanish. |
| 30747820 | Background | Yang FH, Lin FY, Hwu YJ. The Feasibility Study of a Revised Standard Care Procedure on the Capacity of Nasogastric Tube Placement Verification Among Critical Care Nurses. J Nurs Res. 2019 Aug;27(4):e31. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000302. |
| 37647544 | Background | Yu TY, Huang TW, Huang HC, Li SY, Chuang YH. Effects of an Interactive e-Book on Enhancing Nursing Students' Knowledge, Confidence, and Learning Self-efficacy of Nursing Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nurse Educ. 2024 Jan-Feb 01;49(1):E20-E25. doi: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000001490. Epub 2023 Aug 30. |
| 36244254 | Background | Lo YT, Yang CC, Yeh TF, Tu HY, Chang YC. Effectiveness of immersive virtual reality training in nasogastric tube feeding education: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Educ Today. 2022 Dec;119:105601. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105601. Epub 2022 Oct 12. |
| 34049120 | Background | Chao YC, Hu SH, Chiu HY, Huang PH, Tsai HT, Chuang YH. The effects of an immersive 3d interactive video program on improving student nurses' nursing skill competence: A randomized controlled trial study. Nurse Educ Today. 2021 Aug;103:104979. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104979. Epub 2021 May 18. |
| 39826351 | Background | Yavuz B, Koc G, Yuce Basaran HD, Ciftci B. Watch and learn your performance: The effect of self-assessment with video recording on nursing students' knowledge and skills of nasogastric catheter placement-A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Educ Pract. 2025 Feb;83:104251. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104251. Epub 2025 Jan 10. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010549 | Personal Satisfaction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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