Comparison of Aquatic and Land-Based Mulligan Mobilization With Movement in Knee Osteoarthritis

Comparison of Aquatic and Land-Based Mulligan Mobilization With Movement on Pain, and Function in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

This study aims to compare the effects of aquatic and land-based Mulligan mobilization with movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis, with particular focus on their impact on pain and functional outcomes.

This study aims to compare the effects of aquatic and land-based Mulligan mobilization with movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Specifically, it will examine and compare the impact of both intervention approaches on pain intensity and functional ability. By evaluating these outcomes, the study seeks to determine whether the aquatic environment offers additional therapeutic benefits over land-based treatment, thereby contributing to improved functional performance and overall quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 40-65 years
• Bilateral knee osteoarthritis diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology Clinical Classification system for at least 1 year
• Kellgren & Lawrence grade 2 and 3
• Able to walk independently/unaided

Exclusion Criteria:

• Active participation in gyms, pool(swimming), or any other physical activity
• Intra-articular corticosteroid injections in the last 3 months or hyaluronic knee injection in the last 6 months.
• History of lower limb trauma/surgery, presence of fracture or lower limb deformity, or planned surgery within the study period
• Any diagnosed severe cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, or psychological disease/impairment.
• Individuals with aquaphobia (fear of water), discomfort performing aquatic exercises, or allergy/sensitivity to chlorine or other pool treatment chemicals.