Exploring the Benefits of a 3D Patient-specific Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Exploring the Benefits of a 3D Patient-specific Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty

General Aim: to explore the iKA in TKA related to clinical, biomechanical, and functional outcomes.

First specific aim: to investigate the kinematics during daily functional movements in individuals with the iKA TKA to those with aMA TKA, as well as the healthy control group.

Second specific aim: to investigate kinetics and muscle activation patterns during functional movements in individuals with the iKA aligned TKA to those with aMA TKA, as well as a healthy control group.

Third specific aim: to investigate the impact of the whole body on functional outcomes following iKA and aMA TKA, in comparison to the healthy control group, and to explore the underlying factors contributing to suboptimal outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

were age under 85 years. primary robot-assisted TKA using either iKA or aMA. surgery performed two years before enrollment. independent ambulation without assistive devices; and informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

history of lower limb trauma or fracture. neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis). systemic musculoskeletal diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy).

revision arthroplasty. and cognitive impairment affecting study participation.