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This study aims to evaluate the effect of music played for women who undergo cesarean delivery on their early-stage pain, comfort, and mother-infant bonding levels. The study was conducted with 62 women who had cesarean deliveries and were hospitalized in the Obstetrics Unit of Bilecik Training and Research Hospital. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. Music in the AcemaÅŸiran mode was played for 20 minutes twice, at the 8th and 16th postpartum hours for the experimental group, while the control group received routine midwifery/nursing care practices provided in the clinic after cesarean delivery. The study is designed to assess whether listening to music after cesarean delivery influences postoperative pain, comfort, and mother-infant bonding levels.
This study is designed to evaluate the effect of music played for women undergoing cesarean section on early-stage pain, comfort, and mother-infant bonding. The study included a total of 62 women who had cesarean deliveries and were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Bilecik Training and Research Hospital. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=31) and a control group (n=31).
Data are collected using the Descriptive Information Form, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS), and Mother-Infant Attachment Scale (MBIS). The data will be analyzed using IBM SPSS V23 and JAMOVI V2.3.21 software.
The study is designed to compare the effects of listening to music in the AcemaÅŸiran mode with standard postpartum care after cesarean delivery. The intervention involves listening to music for 20 minutes at the 8th and 16th postpartum hours in the experimental group, while the control group receives routine midwifery/nursing care practices.
The following hypotheses will be tested:
H1-a: Listening to music affects the pain levels of women after cesarean delivery.
H1-b: Listening to music affects the comfort levels of women after cesarean delivery.
H1-c: Listening to music affects the physical comfort levels of women after cesarean delivery.
H1-d: Listening to music affects the sociocultural comfort levels of women after cesarean delivery.
H1-e: Listening to music affects the psychospiritual comfort levels of women after cesarean delivery.
H1-f: Listening to music affects the mother-infant bonding relationship of women after cesarean delivery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | In the experimental group, women were exposed to music for 20 minutes twice, at the 8th and 16th hours postpartum. At the 8th postpartum hour, the Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, Postpartum Comfort Scale, and Maternal-Infant Attachment Scale were administered. Music was played for 20 minutes, and routine midwifery care was provided. Thirty minutes after the intervention, the Visual Analog Scale was administered again. At the 16th postpartum hour, the Visual Analog Scale, routine midwifery care, and another 20-minute music session were conducted. Thirty minutes after this session, the Visual Analog Scale, Postpartum Comfort Scale, and Maternal-Infant Attachment Scale were applied. |
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| Control Group | No Intervention | In the control group, at the 8th postpartum hour, the Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, Postpartum Comfort Scale, and Maternal-Infant Attachment Scale were administered. Routine midwifery care was provided. Thirty minutes after the intervention, the Visual Analog Scale was applied again. At the 16th postpartum hour, the Visual Analog Scale and routine midwifery care were administered. Thirty minutes after this intervention, the Visual Analog Scale, Postpartum Comfort Scale, and Maternal-Infant Attachment Scale were administered. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Music intervention | Behavioral | To play music |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Pain Intensity Measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a 10-point scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity. | Baseline (before intervention), 30 minutes after the first music session, and 30 minutes after the second music session. |
| Change in Postpartum Comfort Level Measured by the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) | The Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) is a 34-item Likert-type scale that assesses overall comfort levels of postpartum women. Each item is scored between 1 (disagree) and 4 (strongly agree), with total scores ranging from 34 to 136. Higher scores indicate higher comfort levels. | 8th and 16th postpartum hours. |
| Change in Mother-Infant Bonding Measured by the Mother-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) | The Mother-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) is an 8-item scale measuring maternal emotional bonding toward the infant. Each item is scored from 0 to 3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate weaker bonding (worse outcome). | 16th postpartum hour. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Physical Comfort Level Measured by the Physical Comfort Subscale of the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) | The Physical Comfort Subscale of the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) assesses physical well-being and recovery in postpartum women. Items are scored from 1 (disagree) to 4 (strongly agree), and total scores range from 10 to 40. Higher scores indicate greater physical comfort. | 8th and 16th postpartum hours. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Pelin PALAS KARACA, Associate Professor | Balikesir University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilecik Training and Research Hospital | Bilecik | Türkiye | 11000 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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Women in the experimental group listened to music for 20 minutes twice, at the 8th and 16th postpartum hours. Women in the control group received routine midwifery/nursing care practices provided in the clinic after cesarean delivery.
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| Change in Sociocultural Comfort Level Measured by the Sociocultural Comfort Subscale of the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) | The Sociocultural Comfort Subscale of the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) evaluates the sociocultural adaptation and support experienced by postpartum women. Each item is scored from 1 to 4, and total scores range from 8 to 32. Higher scores indicate greater sociocultural comfort. | 8th and 16th postpartum hours. |
| Change in Psychospiritual Comfort Level Measured by the Psychospiritual Comfort Subscale of the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) | The Psychospiritual Comfort Subscale of the Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) assesses emotional, spiritual, and psychological comfort in postpartum women. Each item is scored from 1 to 4, with total scores ranging from 10 to 40. Higher scores indicate greater psychospiritual comfort. | 8th and 16th postpartum hours. |