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Musical therapy is a type of therapy which is performed under a regular method by adjusting the physiological and psychological effects of musical tones and melodies in accordance with various situations. Therefore, the study was carried out as a randomized controlled trial in order to evaluate the effect of music therapy on the level of pain and anxiety in the postpartum period in women who delivered via cesarean section.
Objectives: The study was carried out in order to determine the effect of music therapy on the level of postpartum pain and anxiety in women who delivered via cesarean section.
Design, setting and subjects: The randomized controlled trial was conducted on 126 women who delivered via cesarean section in a tertiary hospital. The subjects were allocated to three groups (n=42 each) Interventions: In the experimental group 1 (once a day) and group 2 (twice a day) were made to listen to music for 30 minutes for two consecutive days. The control group routine care of 30 min a day in bed rest. The Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to participants. In the analysis of the data, one-way ANOVA, paired t-test, Kruskal Wallis-H and Wilcoxon tests were used.
Main outcome measures: State anxiety level and pain level.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| music therapy group 1 | Experimental | The mothers in the experimental group 1 received music therapy for 30 minutes a day.They listened music for two consecutive days, considering the first day after the C-section as the beginning day. |
|
| music therapy group 2 | Experimental | The mothers in the experimental group 1 received music therapy for 30 minutes twice a day. They listened music for two consecutive days, considering the first day after the C-section as the beginning day. |
|
| control group | No Intervention | the control group were made to rest in bed for 30 minutes a day for two consecutive days, considering the first day after the C-section as the beginning day. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Music Therapy | Behavioral | Music Therapy |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | Anxiety level by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | On the first and second days after C-section, change from first anxiety level at 30 minutes.The inventory has a Likert type scale of 20 items which aim to measure the state anxiety level.Higher scores indicate greater anxiety |
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | Pain Level by Visual Analog Scale | On the first and second days after C-section, change from first pain level at 30 minute.The patient marks the pain he/she feels on a scale of 10 cm (100 mm), pain point 1 means "no pain", pain point 10 means "worst pain possible." |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eylem TOKER | Kahramanmaraş | Dulkadiroglu | 46100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22079604 | Background | Wu J, Chaplin W, Amico J, Butler M, Ojie MJ, Hennedy D, Clemow L. Music for surgical abortion care study: a randomized controlled pilot study. Contraception. 2012 May;85(5):496-502. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.09.018. Epub 2011 Nov 12. | |
| 12725195 | Background | Bally K, Campbell D, Chesnick K, Tranmer JE. Effects of patient-controlled music therapy during coronary angiography on procedural pain and anxiety distress syndrome. Crit Care Nurse. 2003 Apr;23(2):50-8. No abstract available. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| The World Health Statistics 2014. Accessed from: 2018 | View source |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009147 | Music Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D026421 | Sensory Art Therapies |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
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Design, setting and subjects: The randomized controlled trial was conducted on 126 women who delivered via cesarean section in a tertiary hospital. The subjects were allocated to three groups (n=42 each) Interventions: In the experimental group 1 (once a day) and group 2 (twice a day) were made to listen to music for 30 minutes for two consecutive days. The control group routine care of 30 min a day in bed rest. The Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to participants.
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| D000359 |
| Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |