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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting the central nervous system, exhibiting autoimmune and neurodegenerative properties. Neurological deficits, mobility limitations, and decreased muscle strength are commonly observed in MS patients as the disease progresses. The literature indicates that low physical activity levels and neurological deficits in individuals with MS can lead to decreased muscle mass and functional losses. Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging and chronic diseases, and studies on the prevalence of sarcopenia in MS patients are limited.
Recent studies have revealed a high prevalence of sarcopenia in MS patients, which can have negative effects on physical performance, quality of life, and disease progression. Low muscle mass in MS patients can accelerate the loss of motor function and increase the level of disability. Additionally, nutritional deficiencies and low protein intake seen in MS patients are among the factors that accelerate muscle loss.
Studies examining the relationship between MS and sarcopenia in the literature emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention to improve patients' quality of life and functional independence. Factors such as muscle strength, physical activity level, and nutritional status should be assessed to determine the risk of sarcopenia in MS patients.
This study was designed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to examine the relationship between sarcopenia and fatigue, disability level (EDSS), nutritional status, and physical activity level.
In this context:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| One group (Observational Cohort) | MS patients (18 years and older) followed in the clinic. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Assessments | Other | Participants will undergo the following assessments:
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body composition | Body mass and body composition will be measured with the help of Tanita brand device using bioelectrical impedance method. Information provided by the patient, such as height, age, gender, and physical activity level, is manually entered into the device. The device then transmits a very low level, harmless electrical current into the body and automatically analyzes body composition based on the transit time of this current. Parameters to be evaluated in body composition; body mass index (BMI = body mass: (kg)/height2 (m)2), fat mass expressed as a percentage of body mass (pFM), fat-free mass (FFM) expressed in kilograms and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) expressed in kilograms. The device automatically provides all the specified parameters during a single measurement. The measurements will be recorded on the previously prepared form. | Baseline |
| Handgrip Strength | This will be used to assess muscle strength. The validity and reliability of this test has been previously established in the literature. | Baseline |
| 6-Minute Walk Test | This will be administered to assess physical performance. This test has been shown to be valid and reliable in neurological disease populations. | 6 Minutes |
| Mini Nutritional Assessment Form (MNA) | This will be used to assess nutritional status. | Baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic data and personal characteristics | Demographic information such as sociodemographic characteristics, medications used, comorbidities, education level, occupation, smoking, alcohol use, past medical history, and family history of the individuals included in the study will be recorded. | Baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Individuals with MS who applied to the Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine Hospital MS Living Center
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mehmet K ALTUNOK, PHD(c) in PT | Contact | 5558175133 | +90 | mehmetkaan.altunok@selcuk.edu.tr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| İsmail ÖZSOY, Assoc. Prof. Dr. | Selcuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Konya, Türkiye | Principal Investigator |
| Haluk GÜMÜŞ, Prof. Dr. | Selçuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Konya, Türkiye |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine Hospital MS Life Center | Recruiting | Konya | Selcuklu | 42130 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4053261 | Background | Godin G, Shephard RJ. A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1985 Sep;10(3):141-6. | |
| 17183419 | Background | Guigoz Y. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) review of the literature--What does it tell us? J Nutr Health Aging. 2006 Nov-Dec;10(6):466-85; discussion 485-7. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| D055948 | Sarcopenia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
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|
| Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire |
Will be applied to assess the level of physical activity. |
| Baseline |
| Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) | This will be administered by a neurologist to determine the level of disability in MS patients. | Baseline |
| Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) | This will be used to assess fatigue levels in MS patients. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version have been previously confirmed. | Baseline |
| Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Scale-54 | This scale will be used to measure patients' quality of life. The MSQoL-54 scale is a tool specifically developed for MS patients. | Baseline |
| Study Chair |
| Gülşah ÖZSOY, Assist. Prof. Dr. | Selcuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Konya, Türkiye | Study Chair |
| Zehra KORKUT, Assist. Prof. Dr. | Selcuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Konya, Türkiye | Study Chair |
| Yasemin GEDİKLİ, Res. Asst. | Selcuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Konya, Türkiye | Study Chair |
| Emel A ATAMAN AKTAŞ, Dr. | Selçuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Konya, Türkiye | Study Chair |
| Omar E QUTOB, Dr. | Selçuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Konya, Türkiye | Study Chair |
| 7613530 | Background | Vickrey BG, Hays RD, Harooni R, Myers LW, Ellison GW. A health-related quality of life measure for multiple sclerosis. Qual Life Res. 1995 Jun;4(3):187-206. doi: 10.1007/BF02260859. |
| 17293726 | Background | Armutlu K, Korkmaz NC, Keser I, Sumbuloglu V, Akbiyik DI, Guney Z, Karabudak R. The validity and reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Turkish multiple sclerosis patients. Int J Rehabil Res. 2007 Mar;30(1):81-5. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0b013e3280146ec4. |
| 6685237 | Background | Kurtzke JF. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology. 1983 Nov;33(11):1444-52. doi: 10.1212/wnl.33.11.1444. |
| 17942508 | Background | Goldman MD, Marrie RA, Cohen JA. Evaluation of the six-minute walk in multiple sclerosis subjects and healthy controls. Mult Scler. 2008 Apr;14(3):383-90. doi: 10.1177/1352458507082607. Epub 2007 Oct 17. |
| 21624928 | Background | Roberts HC, Denison HJ, Martin HJ, Patel HP, Syddall H, Cooper C, Sayer AA. A review of the measurement of grip strength in clinical and epidemiological studies: towards a standardised approach. Age Ageing. 2011 Jul;40(4):423-9. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afr051. Epub 2011 May 30. |
| 37864991 | Background | Carvalho BM, Silva RSC, Lima VVM, Almondes KGS, Rodrigues FNS, D'Almeida JAC, Melo MLP. Excess weight increases the risk of sarcopenia in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023 Nov;79:105049. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105049. Epub 2023 Oct 8. |
| 39631136 | Background | Gaemelke T, Pedersen IS, Dalgas U, Hvid LG. Sarcopenia in older people with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025 Jan;93:106190. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.106190. Epub 2024 Nov 25. |
| 34998245 | Background | Yuksel H, Balaban M, Tan OO, Mungan S. Sarcopenia in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Feb;58:103471. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103471. Epub 2021 Dec 26. |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D009133 | Muscular Atrophy |
| D020879 | Neuromuscular Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D001284 | Atrophy |
| D020763 | Pathological Conditions, Anatomical |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |