Placental organoids represent an in vitro 3D reconstruction model of the human placenta and of its complex cellular organization to evaluate the pharmacological effect in terms of placentation, gene expression, protein synthesis and placental secretomics.

Placental organoids represent an in vitro 3D reconstruction model of the human placenta and of its complex cellular organization. Placental organoid model can be used in the study of placental pathophysiology. In in particular, it provides a personalized model for sartorial in vitro evaluation of personalized therapeutic efficacy of different pharmacological therapies. In particular, with placental organoid it is possible to evaluate the pharmacological effect in terms of placentation, gene expression, protein synthesis and placental secretomics.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women with uncomplicated normal term pregnancy undergoing elective cesarean section for previous uterine surgery or breech presentation of the fetus;
• Patients with retained abortion and history of recurrent abortion sine causa at the end of the work-up of investigations performed according to ESHRE guidelines, undergoing revision of the uterine cavity;
• Patients diagnosed with preeclampsia, defined in accordance with the definitions of ISSHP, undergoing cesarean section;
• Patients with preterm onset, before 37 weeks gestational age, of spontaneous labor, undergoing cesarean section in labor for low weight or abnormal fetal presentation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age <18 years;
• Chronic infection with HIV or HCV;
• Ongoing malignant neoplasms;
• Multiple pregnancies;
• Inability to provide informed informed consent.

Women with normal pregnancy (n=5) or complicated by:

• miscarriage (n=5);
• preeclampsia (n=5);
• preterm delivery (n=5); afferent to the U.O.C. of Obstetrics of the Agostino Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS of Rome.