Effects of Otago-based Multicomponent Exercise on Sarcopenia in Pre-Frailty Older Adults in Nursing Homes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Otago-based Multicomponent Exercise on Sarcopenia in Pre-Frailty Older Adults in Nursing Homes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The objective of this clinical trial is to understand the efficacy of a targeted exercise program (Otago exercise program+Strength training) in elderly people with prefrailty and sarcopenia. The trial aims to answer the following main questions:

• Is OEP+ST effective in elderly people with prefrailty and sarcopenia?
• In what areas did participants improve during the OEP+ST intervention?

Researchers will randomly assign participants to an experimental group (OEP+ST) and a control group (daily care only) for comparison to see the effects of this intervention.

Participants in the EG group will:

• Exercise 3 times a week for 1 hour each time (including 10 minutes of warm-up, 40 minutes of exercise and 10 minutes of stretching) At the same time, it is necessary to walk for 30-40 minutes three times a week. It lasts for three months.
• Test and record their condition (including frailty, body composition, physical function, quality of life) before and after the experiment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants were diagnosed with pre-existing frailty (Fried score 1-2); At the same time, they were also diagnosed with sarcopenia (according to AWGS Asian Sarcopenia Diagnostic Criteria 2019 edition: Grip strength: male < 28kg, female < 18kg; SMI: Male < 7.0kg/m2, female < 5.4kg/m2; Walking speed ≤1.0 m/s; 5 sit-up test times ≥12s); Simple mental status examination (MMSE score ≥21); There are no absolute contraindications to physical exercise (chest pain, chest tightness, palpitations, dyspnea, syncope, high fever, severe cough, severe diarrhea, gross hematuria, radiating pain in waist and legs, fracture, etc.).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Uncontrolled high blood pressure. Coronary artery disease. Rheumatoid arthritis. Type 2 diabetes. Respiratory diseases and lung diseases. Are taking or have used antibiotics and/or antifungal therapy in the past 4 weeks.

Unwillingness to stick to a prescribed schedule.