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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death in the US. Epidemiologic evidence supports that antioxidant-rich diets promote health and attenuate or delay the onset of CVD. Cocoa and chocolate products have among the highest antioxidant concentrations compared to other antioxidant food sources. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of regular dark chocolate, bloomed dark chocolate, and white chocolate on cardiovascular health markers.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| White chocolate | Active Comparator | Subjects consume 50g of white chocolate daily for 15 days. |
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| Dark chocolate | Experimental | Subjects consume 50g of dark chocolate daily for 15 days. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White chocolate | Other | To determine the effects of white chocolate consumption on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Change of systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be determined to examine effects of dark chocolate consumption vs white chocolate. | Baseline and Day 15 |
| Change of skin blood flow level | Change of skin blood flow level will be determined using Laser Doppler Flowmetry to examine effects of dark chocolate consumption vs white chocolate. Laser Doppler flowmetry is an optical technology widely used in research to measure blood flow. It is a non-invasive, painless technique for studying microcirculatory changes in tissue. | Baseline and Day 15 |
| Change of HDL cholesterol level | Change of blood cholesterol level will be determined to examine effects of dark chocolate consumption vs white chocolate. | Baseline and Day 15 |
| Change of antioxidant levels | Change of antioxidant levels will be determined to examine effects of dark chocolate consumption vs white chocolate. | Baseline and Day 15 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| San Diego State University | San Diego | California | 92182 | United States |
De-identified individual participant data collected in this study are used exclusively within the primary research group and will not be shared with other external researchers.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| Dark chocolate | Other | To determine the effects of dark chocolate consumption on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases |
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