The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the autonomic and vascular function in men and women with Type 1 diabetes. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. Patients with type 1 diabetes exhibit attenuated vascular function during steady-state exercise
2. Patients with type 1 diabetes have altered autonomic function at rest and during exercise pressor reflex
3. Patients with type 1 diabetes have attenuated muscle sympathetic activity

Elevated blood glucose levels in individuals with type 1 diabetes can result in both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Research conducted by Song et al. revealed that children with type 1 diabetes exhibit abnormal cerebral perfusion. Additionally, autonomic mechanisms are affected in type 1 diabetes, as indicated in an animal study which demonstrated that the exercise pressor reflex is exaggerated in both male and female rats during the early stages of the disease. However, whether this also occurs in human patients with type 1 diabetes remains unknown.

Therefore, in this study we are interested in studying the autonomic control of exercise and vascular function in T1DM humans.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Type 1 diabetes or a Healthy control

Exclusion Criteria:

• BMI > 40kg/m2
• Cancer with current treatment
• HIV
• Smoker cigarettes
• Are pregnant or breastfeeding

Type 1 Diabetes