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This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravenous ibuprofen with peri-prostatic nerve block in pain control during prostate biopsy and to investigate factors influencing pain scores.
This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen with periprostatic nerve block (PPNB) in controlling pain during prostate biopsy, a common procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer. The study also aimed to investigate factors influencing pain perception during the procedure, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, prostate volume, and comorbidities.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ibuprofen group | Experimental | Each patient in Group 1 received 400 mg of IV ibuprofen diluted in 100 mL of solution. The infusion was administered over a 30-minute period to ensure proper absorption and minimize adverse effects. |
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| Periprostatic nerve block | Experimental | Periprostatic Nerve Block (PPNB) using 2% lidocaine was administered for pain relief during the prostate biopsy procedure. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| intravenous ibuprofen | Other | A systemic analgesic (NSAID) administered intravenously for pain management during prostate biopsy, without the need for additional invasive interventions. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual analog scale (VAS) | Pain Assessment using Visual Analog Scale (VAS),The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a tool used to measure subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured. It typically consists of a 10 cm (100 mm) horizontal or vertical line, anchored by two endpoints representing extremes of the sensation being measured. Range: Scores range from 0 (minimum) to 10 (maximum). Interpretation: Higher scores indicate a worse outcome (e.g., greater pain intensity or distress). Description: Participants mark a point along the line that corresponds to the intensity of their experience. The score is determined by measuring the distance (in centimeters or millimeters) from the lower end of the scale to the participant's mark. | Before the biopsy, During probe insertion and prostate needle insertion,2 hours and 1 day after the procedure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Complications | Complications (such as bleeding, nausea vomiting etc) | immediately after the intervention/procedure/surgery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Male gender. Scheduled for a prostate biopsy. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels > 4 ng/mL.
Exclusion Criteria:
Renal failure. Liver failure. Neurological disorders (e.g., dementia, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, paraplegia).
Rectal disorders. Previous negative prostate biopsy. Chronic anticoagulant therapy or bleeding diathesis. Severe comorbidities. Psychiatric conditions interfering with consent or compliance.
Since the study involves a prostate biopsy, which is a procedure specifically related to the prostate gland, only male participants were included. The prostate is an organ found only in men, making this a male-only study population.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Elzem Sen, Assoc Prof | University of Gaziantep | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaziantep University Hospital | Gaziantep | 27310 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41537216 | Derived | Baturu M, Sen E. Periprostatic Nerve Block vs. Intravenous Ibuprofen for Pain Management During Transrectal Prostate Biopsy Procedures: A Prospective Comparative Study. Ann Ital Chir. 2025 Sep 16;97(1):119-125. doi: 10.62713/aic.3938. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059787 | Acute Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| periprostatic nerve block | Other | A local anesthetic injection targeting the periprostatic nerves to provide direct pain relief during the biopsy procedure, considered the gold standard for pain management in prostate biopsies. |
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