A Combination Mindfulness and Music Intervention for Acute Pain

A Combination Mindfulness and Music Intervention for Acute Pain

This project is a single-site, four-arm, randomized controlled trial evaluating a combination mindfulness + music intervention on acute pain among patients in an orthopedic clinic waiting room. Participants will be randomized to one of four conditions: 1) a 5-minute mindfulness recording, 2) a 5-minute mindfulness recording with an accompanying sustained tone at 65.41 Hertz, 3) a 5-minute mindfulness recording with an accompanying binaural beat set at 65.41 Hertz in the left ear and 69.41 Hertz in the right ear, or 4) a 5-minute mindfulness recording with an accompanying binaural beat set at 65.41 Hertz in the left ear and 69.41 Hertz in the right ear as well as instrumental, theta wave music.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being 18 years of age or older
• Receiving pain treatment at Tallahassee Orthopedic Center
• Understanding English instructions fluently

Exclusion Criteria:

• Unable to consent because of physical or mental incapacity.