Creatine HCl and Creatine Ethyl Ester Supplementation in Perimenopausal and Menopausal Women

The Effects of 8-Week Creatine HCl and Creatine Ethyl Ester Supplementation on Cognitive Performance, Multidimensional Fatigue, Brain Metabolism, and Biochemical Indices in Perimenopausal and Menopausal Women

The goal of this randomized controlled double-blind parallel-group interventional trial is to evaluate the effects of of dietary supplementation with creatine HCl and creatine ethyl ester supplementation on cognitive performance, multidimensional fatigue, brain metabolism, and biochemical indices in perimenopausal and menopausal women

Inclusion Criteria:

• Body mass index 18.5 - 29.9 kg/m2
• Free of major chronic diseases or acute disorders (including AD and dementia (MMSE score > 25 points)
• MENOPAUSAL: no menstrual cycle for consecutive 12 months (with no other obvious causes)
• PERIMENOPAUSAL: Still menstruating (regular or irregular) but have at least one of the following symptoms: (1) hot flashes, (2) sleep disturbances, (3) mood swings, and (4) concentration difficulties
• Given written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of dietary supplement use 4 weeks before the study commences
• Pregnancy (or planning pregnancy)
• Abnormal values for lab clinical chemistry (> 2 SD)
• Unwillingness to return for follow-up analysis
• Participation in other clinical trials