Creatine on Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women

A Randomized Controlled Trial: Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Bone Mass and Turnover and Muscle Function in Healthy Postmenopausal Women

Animal, in vitro and small-scale studies have suggested that creatine supplementation may augment bone mass. This clinical trial aims to investigate the effects of a 2-year creatine supplementation protocol on bone mass in postmenopausal women.

Inclusion Criteria:

• healthy postmenopausal women
• T-score at lumbar spine, or femoral neck or total femur of between -1SD and -2.5SD

Exclusion Criteria:

• drugs or dietary supplements that may affect bone metabolism (e.g., bisphosphonates, AINEs, hormone replacement therapy, calcium, vitamin D, creatine supplementation)
• low BMI (< 18.5 Kg/m2).