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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Istanbul Gedik University | OTHER |
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The aim of the study was to examine the acute effect of self-proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on chest mobility, posterior muscle chain mobility and respiratory functions in caregivers of children with developmental delays. In the study: 1. Does self-PNF stretching have an effect on chest mobility and posterior muscle chain mobility in caregivers of children with developmental delay? 2. Does self-PNF stretching have an effect on respiratory functions in caregivers of children with developmental delays? The questions were answered.
A cross-over randomized controlled study was designed with 30 caregivers of children with developmental disabilities. Using the online randomization method, caregivers were first assigned to either the PNF stretching group or the static stretching group. Before and after the application, rib cage mobility was evaluated by chest circumference measurement, hamstring muscle mobility by popliteal angle measurement, lumbar region mobility by Schober Test, posterior muscle chain mobility by Finger-Floor Distance Measurement Test, and respiratory functions by Respiratory Function Test. The caregiver, who entered a 1-day cleansing period, repeated the evaluation and technique application with the stretching technique that was not applied the next day.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PNF Stretching Group | Experimental | The PNF stretching method for each muscle was applied to the athlete in the form of self-stretching by the participant, with the direct treatment concept of hold and relax technique, with the training of a specialist physiotherapist. The muscle to be stretched (the antagonist muscle for the pattern - the muscle that causes the limitation) was first brought to the position where it could be extended, and at that point, the stretched muscle was contracted submaximally (65% of the intensity determined according to the Stretch Intensity Scale) for 5 seconds, causing isometric contraction. Then, the athlete was given 5 relax commands for the tense muscle. Then, the stretched muscle was stretched as far as it could go, and the muscle that needed to be stretched was passively stretched for 20 seconds (1 set). After a 5-second rest interval, the method was repeated and 8 sets (lasting 4 minutes) were performed for 1 muscle. Stretching was done on the hamstring muscle. |
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| Static Stretching Group | Other | Classical static stretching was applied to the hamstring muscle in the same position for 30 seconds each, 8 repetitions, a total of 4 minutes for one leg and 8 minutes for both legs, in the stance position of PNF stretching. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PNF Stretching | Other | PNF was applied to the hamstring muscle, with a 1-day washout period in between. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Chest Mobility Measurement 1- Axillary region | Normal resting tidal volume, chest width during maximum inspiration and maximum expiration were measured from the axillary region with a tape measure and recorded in centimeters. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| Chest Mobility Measurement 2- Xiphoid region | Normal resting tidal volume, chest width during maximum inspiration and maximum expiration were measured from the xiphoid (epigastric) region with a tape measure and recorded in centimeters. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| Chest Mobility Measurement 3- Subcostal region | Normal resting tidal volume, chest width during maximum inspiration and maximum expiration were measured from the subcostal region with a tape measure and recorded in centimeters. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Popliteal Angle Measurement | Hamstring muscle flexibility measurement. A digital goniometer was used. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| Schober Test | Lumbar mobility was evaluated with the Schober Test. A tape measure was used in the testing procedure. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ebrar Atak | Yalova | 77100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34594241 | Background | Reiner M, Tilp M, Guilhem G, Morales-Artacho A, Nakamura M, Konrad A. Effects of a Single Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Exercise With and Without Post-stretching Activation on the Muscle Function and Mechanical Properties of the Plantar Flexor Muscles. Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 14;12:732654. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.732654. eCollection 2021. |
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It will be evaluated if the researchers are contacted via their e-mail addresses.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000084802 | Caregiver Burden |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013315 | Stress, Psychological |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D052580 | Muscle Stretching Exercises |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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| Static Stretching | Other | Static stretching was applied to the hamstring muscle, with a 1-day washout period in between. |
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| Duration of change in 1 day. |
| Posterior muscle chain mobility measurement | Posterior muscle chain mobility was evaluated with the Finger-Floor Distance Test. A tape measure was used in the testing procedure. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| FVC Measurement | Respiratory Function Test. The COSMED microQuark spirometer used. Lung volume was evaluated. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| FEV1 Measurement | Respiratory Function Test. The COSMED microQuark spirometer used. Lung volume was evaluated. | Duration of change in 1 day. |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |