Therapeutic touch was applied twice to the women in the intervention group in addition to routine practices. The first application was performed in the latent phase of the first stage of labour, and the second was done in the active phase of labour.

The control group did not receive any treatment.

Therapeutic touch, as meaningful touch, is included in complementary medicine in the literature. It provides physical, emotional and spiritual relief, improves physiological health, makes the person feel valuable, gives confidence, peace, calmness and increases self-confidence.

It is a measurement tool used to evaluate pain intensity, where 0 = no pain and 10 = the most severe pain.

It is a scale consisting of 20 items that requires the individual to answer how she feels at a certain moment and under certain conditions, taking into account her feelings about the current situation. A score of 0-19 indicates "no anxiety", 20-39 points indicates "mild", 40-59 points indicates "moderate", and 60-79 points indicates "severe anxiety".

It consists of 13 items and measures the woman's level of perception of traumatic birth. (0-26) points: very low perception of traumatic birth (27- 52) points: low level of perception of traumatic birth (53-78) points: perception of moderately traumatic birth (79-104) points: perception of highly traumatic birth (105-130) points: very high perception of traumatic birth

It is a measurement tool used to evaluate pain intensity, where 0 = no pain and 10 = the most severe pain.

It is a scale consisting of 20 items that requires the individual to answer how she feels at a certain moment and under certain conditions, taking into account her feelings about the current situation. A score of 0-19 indicates "no anxiety", 20-39 points indicates "mild", 40-59 points indicates "moderate", and 60-79 points indicates "severe anxiety".