This double blind, placebo controlled randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of three commonly used culinary spices - ginger (Zingiber officinale), cinnamon (Cinnamomum) and black seed (Nigella sativa) on the cardiometabolic parameters of individuals with risk factors of metabolic syndrome. Participants consume their assigned treatment for 12 weeks, and key cardiovascular and glucometabolic parameters are recorded at baseline, week 6, and week 12 of the study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• age (18-50 years)
• 2 or more of MetS diagnostic criteria:
• high waist circumference (>80 cm for female and >94 cm for males),
• elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 130/85 mm Hg or use of medication for hypertension),
• high fasting blood glucose (equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL [5.6 mmol/L] or use of medication for hyperglycemia),
• lowered HDL cholesterol (less than 40 mg/dL [1.03 mmol/L] for men and less than 50 mg/dL [1.29 mmol/L] for women) and
• increased triglycerides (equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL [1.7 mmol/L]). Participants who had at least three risk factors out of five or had two risk factors and one borderline were included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

• older than 50 years old or younger than 17 years old and
• did not meet the metabolic syndrome diagnostic criteria
• allergic to spices
• current smokers
• pregnant women
• lactating women or
• currently taking medication and if they
• refused to provide blood sample.
• acute illnesses
• chronic diseases such as kidney, liver, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases were excluded from the study

Both patient and investigators were blind to treatment allocation, with an independent researcher providing the allocated treatments to the participants.