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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Aarhus | OTHER |
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The objective of this study is to examine whether four different spices (ginger, black pepper, horseradish and mustard) are able to increase energy metabolism.
Since chili and other spices have been shown to increase energy expenditure compared to placebo, we expect that some or all of the four spices may actually increase energy expenditure - although not to a large degree.
Several pungent food ingredients, such as chili,and also other bioactive food ingredients, e.g. green tea, have been shown to be able to increase energy expenditure and fat oxidation during the hours following a meal containing the bioactive ingredient. Furthermore, we will also look at the subjects own feelings of appetite and thereby examine whether the appetite is affected by the spicy food. We expect to see some small effects on these parameters.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Experimental | Spice |
|
| B | Experimental | Spice |
|
| C | Experimental | Spice |
|
| D | Experimental | Spice |
|
| E | Placebo Comparator | Placebo |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ginger | Dietary Supplement | added to a brunch meal |
| |
| black pepper |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| energy expenditure | November 2007 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| blood pressure | December 2007 | |
| heart rate | December 2007 | |
| VAS-scores for appetite, hunger, fullness, etc. - and palatability |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Arne Astrup, Professor MD | Department of Human Nutrition, RVAU | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University | Frederiksberg | DK-1958 | Denmark |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23021155 | Derived | Gregersen NT, Belza A, Jensen MG, Ritz C, Bitz C, Hels O, Frandsen E, Mela DJ, Astrup A. Acute effects of mustard, horseradish, black pepper and ginger on energy expenditure, appetite, ad libitum energy intake and energy balance in human subjects. Br J Nutr. 2013 Feb 14;109(3):556-63. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512001201. Epub 2012 Jul 5. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C000713927 | ginger extract |
| C000723805 | black pepper oil |
| D000588 | Amines |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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| Dietary Supplement |
Added to a brunch meal |
|
| horseradish | Dietary Supplement | Added to a brunch meal |
|
| mustard | Dietary Supplement | Added to a brunch meal |
|
| placebo | Dietary Supplement | Added to a bruch meal |
|
| November 2007 |
| tolerance | November 2007 |
| Fat and carbohydrate oxidation | November 2007 |
| Meal-induced thermogenesis | November 2007 |