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The aims of the study was to correlate the extent of the dimensional alveolar bone changes after tooth extraction and contextual guided bone regeneration with serum vit D levels in 14 patients. Moreover, at 4 months, a small bone sample was collected in order to correlate histological and immunohistochemical parameters of bone with vit D serum levels.
The study included 14 patients requiring tooth extraction and subsequent post-extraction bone regeneration with heterologous graft material of porcine origin. Four months after extraction, dental implants were placed, and insertion torque values (ITV) and implant stability quotients (ISQ) were recorded. During implant placement, a small bone sample was collected for histological analysis. The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and post-extraction bone volume contraction, collagen type I (Col1A1), osteocalcin, osteopontin, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ITV, ISQ, Newly Formed Bone Tissue (NFBT).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tooth extraction and bone regeneration | Experimental | The present arm received tooth extraction and guided bone regeneration (performed with xenograft porcine material and collagen barrier membrane). After 4 months, a dental implant was inserted. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tooth extraction, guided bone regeneration and dental implant | Procedure | The arm received tooth extraction and contextual guided bone regeneration. After 4 months, a dental implant was inserted. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Dimensional alveolar bone changes | Volumetrical changes of alveolar bone after tooth extraction measured by superimposition of two intraoral scans. The first was registered before the extraction of the tooth. The second was registered after 4 months (before inserting implant). The parameter used to measure the dimensional alveolar bone change is called "Integrated Distance" and it is expressed in mm3. | From extraction to implant insertion (4 months) |
| Evaluation of new formed bone tissue | Evaluation of new formed bone tissue performed by histomorphometric methods. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| Evaluation of Total Calcified Tissue (TCT) | Evaluation of Total Calcified Tissue composed by the residual bone substitute utilized for regeneration plus the NFBT. The evaluation was performed by histomorphometrics methods. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| Expression of Collagen A1 | quantitative analysis of immunohistochemistry performed using deconvolution tool for ImageJ. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| Expression of Osteocalcin | quantitative analysis of immunohistochemistry performed using deconvolution tool for ImageJ. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| Expression of Osteopontin | quantitative analysis of immunohistochemistry performed using deconvolution tool for ImageJ. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Luigi Canullo | Studi Odontoiatrici Luigi Canullo | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studi Odontoiatrici Luigi Canullo | Roma | RM | 00100 | Italy |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014808 | Vitamin D Deficiency |
| D016301 | Alveolar Bone Loss |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001361 | Avitaminosis |
| D003677 | Deficiency Diseases |
| D044342 | Malnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014081 | Tooth Extraction |
| D015921 | Dental Implants |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019647 | Oral Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D003813 | Dentistry |
| D003764 | Dental Materials |
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| Expression of Runx-2 | quantitative analysis of immunohistochemistry performed using deconvolution tool for ImageJ. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| Evaluation of Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) | Evaluation of Implant Stability Quotient after the implant insertion. The measurement was performed with "Osstell" system (W&H) | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| Evaluation of Implant Torque Value (ITV) | Evaluation of Implant Torque Value at the implant insertion performed with the surgery implant device. | Time of implant insertion: 4 months after extraction |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001862 | Bone Resorption |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D055093 | Periodontal Atrophy |
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
| D001697 |
| Biomedical and Dental Materials |
| D017266 | Dental Prosthesis |
| D011476 | Prosthodontics |
| D019736 | Prostheses and Implants |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
| D008420 | Manufactured Materials |
| D013676 | Technology, Industry, and Agriculture |