Pathologic diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Diagnosis of CP defined as having obvious morphological features of CP (i.e., the presence of pancreatic calcifications on CT scan and/or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography)

Other benign disease populations without pancreatic lesions

Perform Untargeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyse serum samples collected from pancreatic cancer patients, chronic pancreatitis patients and healthy people.

Perform 16S RNA sequence and shotgun metagenomic analysis of fecal, throat swabs and salivary samples collected from pancreatic cancer patients, chronic pancreatitis patients and healthy people.

The length of time (in days) from study enrollment that participants remain alive.

Combined with preoperative imaging and pathological information, a predictive model of pancreatic cancer would be established based on the metabolic and microbiota difference. Verify the stability and accuracy of our model in larger cohorts and promote clinical translation.