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The purpose of this study is to assess a novel, widely-accessible intervention to both promote active breaks from work and improve cognitive and psychological performances at work in motivationally-accessible bouts. This will be done by interrupting prolonged sitting with 1-4 short (1-4 minutes), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) bouts with no equipment, and simple video-based instructions. The short bouts will be referred to as "exercise snacks." In this proposed exercise snacks intervention, investigators explicitly target a population with sedentary jobs due to the generalizability.
Participants will answer a short 5-10-minute survey to determine eligibility. Eligible candidates will be invited to attend a 30-minute self-directed orientation session to provide a description of the consent form, study objectives and time commitments, the purpose of randomization, and the importance of completing follow-up assessments regardless of outcome. After the orientation sessions, interested and eligible individuals will be sent the e-consent form.
After participants consent to the study, they will be invited to take the baseline survey, and get assistance with study account set-ups (Garmin, GroupMe). Researchers will handle account set ups. Participants will be asked to download both apps and sign into the apps with the study provided accounts. Many individuals may have GroupMe accounts and will be asked to make a profile for their buddy chat with whatever name they prefer (able to hide their real name if preferred). Baseline measures will last for 2 weeks. And then the 6-week intervention will begin.
All consented participants will receive a 6-week intervention. The study is a 2x2 factorial design with 4 different group. We will be assessing the length of snacktivities (1 minute versus 4 minutes) as well as frequency of snacktivities through the day (1 per day versus 4 per day). Therefore, participants will be randomized into 4 groups: One 1-minute snacktivity per day, four 1-minute snacktivities per day, one 4-minute snacktivity per day, or four 4-minute snacktivities per day.
The intervention will consist of the following empirically supported components shown to promote engagement, adherence, and behavior change:
During the maintenance phase (after the intervention phase and lasting 6 months), participants will take part in booster sessions. The first 2 booster sessions will be completed every month, and the following 2 booster sessions will be completed every 6 weeks, following a scaffolded design to ease participants off of the program.
During the follow-up, investigators will collect behavioral data only via zoom. At the end of the study, we will conduct semi-structured interviews on study experience.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 x 1 minute Exercise Snack / Day | Experimental | Participants will be assigned a daily goal of 1, 1-minute exercise snack to break up prolonged sitting. |
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| 1 x 4 Exercise Snack / Day | Experimental | Participants will be assigned a daily goal of 1, 4-minute exercise snack to break up prolonged sitting. |
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| 4x1 Exercise Snacks / Day | Experimental | Participants will be assigned a daily goal of 4, 1-minute exercise snack to break up prolonged sitting. |
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| 4x4 Exercise Snacks/Day | Experimental | Participants will be assigned a daily goal of 4, 4-minute exercise snack to break up prolonged sitting. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daily Exercise Snacks | Behavioral | Participants will be encouraged to break up prolonged sitting at work with brief, high-intensity exercise snacks of varying length / total number depending on condition assignment. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of self-reported exercise snack breaks at work at week 7 | For the post-test week after the 6 week intervention, participants will self-report the number of exercise snacks they do each day. | Collected 1 work week at week 7 (the week after the 6 week intervention) |
| Number of self-reported exercise snack breaks at work at week 18 | For one week (at week 18) participants will self-report the number of exercise snacks they do each day. | collected 1 work week at week 18 (3 months after the intervention) |
| Number of self-reported exercise snack breaks at work at week 30 during follow-up | For one week (at week 30) participants will self-report the number of exercise snacks they do each day. | collected 1 work week at week 30 (6 months after the intervention) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Liking of exercise snacks | 5-point likert scale From not at all to extremely of how much did you like doing exercise snacks | at week 7, post test, immediately after 6 weeks of treatment |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Marily Oppezzo, PhD | Stanford University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stanford University School of Medicine | Stanford | California | 94305-7240 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D057185 | Sedentary Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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This will be a 2 (Exercise snack number) x 2 (Exercise snack length) factorial design.
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