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The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of of mindfulness meditation and loving-kindness and compassion meditation on psychological distress (i.e., anxiety, depression, stress), and explore the mechanism from the perspective of reinforcement sensitivity theory.
Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: mindfulness meditation group (MM, n = 51), loving-kindness and compassion meditation group (LKCM, n = 51), and waitlist group (n = 50). Participants in MM group and LKCM group received four weeks intervention, and data was collected before the intervention and after the intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| mindfulness meditation group | Experimental | participants in mindfulness meditation group would receive four weeks mindfulness meditation intervention. |
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| loving-kindness and compassion meditation group | Experimental | participants in loving-kindness and compassion meditation group would receive four weeks loving-kindness and compassion meditation meditation. |
|
| waitlist | No Intervention | participants in waitlist receive no intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mindfulness meditation intervention and loving-kindness and compassion meditation intervention | Other | Interventions were conducted by two teachers separately. Mindfulness meditation group provided the knowledge and practice related with mindfulness, and loving-kindness and compassion meditation group provided knowledge and practice related with loving-kindness and compassion meditation. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale | The scalewas used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress with 21 items. Participants are required to report the degree of conformity scoring from 1 (did not apply to me at all) to 4 (applied to me very much). | 2 months |
| The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale | The scale was used to measure the degree of mindfulness, with 10 items and two dimensions, scoring from 1 (never) to 5 (always). | 2 months |
| The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire | The scale included 34 items to test the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward. and participants were asked to respond yes (scoring 1) or no (scoring 0). Summing the scores of the questions was the total score for that dimension. | 2 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Emotional Word Lists | The scale was used to measure emotions, to test the basic effect of interventions. There were 24 emotional words, which constructed two dimensions: positive emotion and negative emotion, scoring from 1 (never) to 5 (always). | 2 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
(1) have not attended structured meditation intervention; (2) have not diagnosed psychiatric diseases; (3) not currently receiving or has never received psychological counseling; (4) not currently taking or has never taken psychotropic medication; (5) age is less than 18.
Exclusion Criteria:
(1) have attended structured meditation intervention; (2) have diagnosed psychiatric diseases; (3) receiving or have received psychological counseling; (4) taking or have taken psychotropic drugs; (5) age is more than 18.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xianglong Zeng | Beijing | Beijing Municipality | 100875 | China |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Mar 27, 2024 |
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| Mar 27, 2024 |
| Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014850 | Waiting Lists |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001071 | Appointments and Schedules |
| D009934 | Organization and Administration |
| D006298 | Health Services Administration |
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