Participants in this group did not receive any intervention during the study period. They only completed the pre- and post-intervention assessments. After study completion, they were offered a single optional laughter yoga session.

Participants in this group attended four sessions of laughter yoga conducted in person by certified instructors. Sessions lasted approximately 40 minutes and were held twice a week for two weeks in groups of 5-6 nurses.This intervention included hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing, playful games, and laughter exercises. Delivered in-person, each session lasted 30-40 minutes and followed a standardized format developed by Dr. Madan Kataria.

Participants in this group received the same laughter yoga intervention as the face-to-face group, but it was delivered online via Zoom. Sessions were held in the evening hours twice a week over two weeks.This intervention followed the same structure as the face-to-face program, including clapping, breathing, and laughter exercises. Sessions were conducted in real time via Zoom by certified laughter yoga instructors.

In this study, each laughter yoga session lasted approximately 30-40 minutes and consisted of four parts: hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing exercises, playful games, and laughter exercises. According to Kataria (2011), the first three parts remained consistent across all sessions, while the laughter exercises in the fourth part varied (Kataria 2011). In the first session of each new group, participants were introduced to laughter yoga, its purpose, and objectives, with 10 minutes allocated to this introductory section. As a result, the first session for each group lasted 40 minutes, while the remaining sessions were 30 minutes each. The structure and duration of each session were as follows:

• Section 1: Hand Clapping and Warm-up Exercises - 5 minutes
• Section 2: Deep Breathing Exercises - 10 minutes
• Section 3: Playful Games - 5 minutes
• Section 4: Laughter Exercises - 10 minutes

ASQ is designed to measure how stressful some situations in a person's life are perceived. A total score of 0-32 is taken from the scale. It has two subscales: perceived stress (items 1, 2, 3, 7, 8) and perceived coping (items 4, 5, and 6). The scale is evaluated on both total score and subscale scores. A high total score means a high perceived stress level. High scores from the subscales are a negative situation.

It is used in clinical studies to evaluate patients' sleep problems. Patients are asked 4 questions about their sleep problems in the last month and asked to tick the boxes that apply to them. 0 (almost never), 1 (1-3 days per month), 2 (4-7 days per month), 3 (8-14 days per month), 4 (15-21 days per month), 5 (23-31 days per month) It is evaluated as . An increase in the score indicates that the person's sleep quality decreases.

This measurement tool consists of a total of 22 items and three subscales. Among these subscales, the emotional exhaustion subscale consists of 9 items, the depersonalization subscale consists of 5 items, and the personal accomplishment subscale consists of a total of 8 items. Scale items are scored as "1: never" and "7: always". It was decided to arrange the scale as a five-degree scale, with the answer options being "0 never" and "4 always". The high level of burnout reflects the high score on the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization subscales and the low score on the personal accomplishment subscale. Moderate levels of burnout reflect moderate scores for all three subscales, while low levels reflect low scores on the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization subscales and high scores on the "personal accomplishment" subscale.