Effects of Crossover Point Exercise on Vascular Function of Women in Different Menopausal Years

Effects of Crossover Point Exercise on Vascular Function of Women in Different Menopausal Years

Recruit postmenopausal women and randomly assign them to one of four groups: Early Postmenopausal Exercise Group (EE), Late Postmenopausal Exercise Group (LE), Early Postmenopausal Control Group (EC), and Late Postmenopausal Control Group (LC).

All participates will undergo a graded exercise test to determine their maximum oxygen uptake, and vascular function response will be measured immediately after the exercise test. The COP exercise intensity for postmenopausal women will be obtained through the exercise test, and subjects in the EE and LE groups will undergo exercise training at this intensity for a period of three months. Tests and analyses of relevant indicators will be conducted on subjects in all four groups before and after the intervention. The exercise load experiments will be performed on a cycle ergometer.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Postmenopausal women without cardiovascular disease

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women with undetermined menopause
• BMI <18.5 kg/m2 or BMI >28 kg/m2
• fasting plasma triglyceride levels ≥500 mgdl
• diabetes mellitus or fasting glucose >140 mgd
• blood creatinine >2.0 mgdl
• uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >110 mmHg)
• untreated thyroid disease
• life-threatening illness with a prognosis of <5 years;
• history of deep vein thrombosis,
• pulmonary embolism, or breast cancer;
• currently receiving estrogen therapy.