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The goal of this trial is to examine the effects of a single high-fat meal with or without the co-ingestion of dietary nitrate on exercise-mediated sympatholysis. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will be asked to complete three study visits in a randomized order:
Exercise-mediated sympatholysis will be measured using Doppler ultrasound via a protocol involving rhythmic handgrip exercise and a lower body negative pressure stimulus. Sympatholysis will be assessed before each meal, and at 1, 2, and 3 hours post-prandial.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High-fat meal with Beetroot Drink | Active Comparator | 2 sausage egg McMuffins and a hashbrown from McDonalds and 10g of beetroot powder mixed in 250 mL cold tap water drink |
|
| High-fat meal with Placebo Drink | Placebo Comparator | 2 sausage egg McMuffins and a hashbrown from McDonalds and Mio water flavouring in 250 mL cold tap water. Trace amounts of sugar and sodium were mixed to match the beetroot supplement |
|
| Low-fat meal control | Sham Comparator | Kelloggs cornflakes (110g), greek yogurt (400g), skim milk (500 mL), and orange juice (250 mL). Energy-matched to the high-fat meal |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beetroot drink | Dietary Supplement | Drink containing 10g of beetroot powder in 250 mL cold tap water |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forearm vascular conductance | Duplex ultrasound of brachial artery | Before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention |
| Forearm blood flow | Duplex ultrasound of brachial artery | Before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention |
| Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure | finger plethysmography | Before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma levels of Norepinephrine | ELISA kit | Blood collected before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention. Blood frozen at -80 degrees Celsius and analyzed at later date |
| Plasma levels of Nitrate/Nitrite concentration |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Philip Millar, PhD | University of Guelph | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Guelph - Human Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory | Guelph | Ontario | N1G2W1 | Canada |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Placebo | Dietary Supplement | Mio flavouring in 250 mL cold tap water. Trace amounts of sugar and sodium were added to match the content in the beetroot supplement |
|
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| Control | Dietary Supplement | Low-fat meal with cornflakes, greek yogurt, skim milk, and orange juice |
|
ELISA kit
| Blood collected before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention. Blood frozen at -80 degrees Celsius and analyzed at later date |
| Blood Glucose concentrations | Blood glucose monitor | Blood collected before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention. Blood analyzed immediately after collection at each time point |
| Plasma levels of Triglycerides | Triglyceride assay kit | Blood collected before intervention and 1, 2, 3 hours post-intervention. Blood frozen at -80 degrees Celsius and analyzed at later date |